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Echo Class > echo class - Sheet1 > Flashcards

echo class - Sheet1 Flashcards

1
Q

heart WALL

A

endo,myo, serouis pericardium –epicardium visceral===pericardial space___epicardium parietal

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2
Q

outer layer of the pericardium

A

fibrous pericardium

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3
Q

inner layer of pericardium

A

serous pericardium==parietal layer___pericardial cavity==visceral layer(epicardium)

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4
Q

myocardium is made of what?

A

striated, smooth muscle

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5
Q

right and left atrium are what kind of chambers?

A

filling chambers

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6
Q

The RV is the most _______ chamber

A

anterior

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7
Q

heart is encased in what?

A

pericardium

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8
Q

at the center of the IAS os what?

A

fossa ovalis

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9
Q

r and l ventricles are what kind of chambers?

A

pumping chambers

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10
Q

The aortic valve lies _____ and to the ____ of the pulmonic valve

A

poterior, to the right

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11
Q

The tricuspid valve lies more ______ than the mitral valve

A

inferior

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12
Q

The RV is more _____ than the LV

A

anterior

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13
Q

The RA is more _____ than the LA

A

anterior

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14
Q

The LA is _____ to the descending aorta

A

anterior

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15
Q

PA is _______ and to the _____ of the aorta

A

anterior, to the left

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16
Q

Aorta is _____ and to the ______ of the PA

A

posterior, to the right

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17
Q

RPA sits _____ to the ascending aorta and _____ to the descending Aorta

A

posterior, anterior

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18
Q

what kind of tissue makes up the leaflets?

A

valvular tissue

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19
Q

the____is a tough,fiberous ring that surrounds the superior edge of the valvular leaflets and anchors them between the atria and ventricle

A

annulus fibrosus

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20
Q

the semilunar valves are three pocket like cusp that are surrounded by an______

A

annulus

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21
Q

The papillary muscles consist of a _______ and ______ wall.

A

posteromedial, anteriolateral

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22
Q

the RA fills more during inspiration or expiration??

A

inspiration because the pressure is lower in the RA is below the pressure in the veins and flow always travel from high pressure to low pressure

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23
Q

an embryotic remnant that surves no purposeand is considered to be a normal finding. a web like structure within the Right atrium

A

chiari network

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24
Q

opening at the coronary sinus

A

thesbian valve

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25
Q

opening at the IVC

A

Eustacian Valve

26
Q

muscular ridge running anterior from the SVC to the IVC

A

Christae Terminales

27
Q

The atria contain muscular projections called______

A

pectinate muscles

28
Q

the _____ has the lowest O2 sat in the body

A

coronary sinus

29
Q

the ____ travels along the left anterior descending artery and collects blood from the anterior myocardium.

A

great cardiac vein(coronary vein)

30
Q

the ______ is the most anterior chamber of the heart

A

Right Ventricle

31
Q

_____ are thread-like bands of fibrous tissue that attach the mitral and tricuspid valves to the _______

A

chordae tendinae, papillary muscles

32
Q

the _____collects blood from the posterior myocardium and drain into the coronary sinus.

A

middle cardiac vein(posterior cardiac vein)

33
Q

the ______ are three or four small vessels that collect blood from the POSTERIOR SURFACE of the left ventricle and drain into the coronary sinus.

A

left cardiac veins

34
Q

The______ are three or four small vessles that collect blood from the anterior surface of the right ventricle and drain into the right atrium

A

anterior cardiac veins

35
Q

the _____ collects blood from the posterior portion of the right atrium AND right ventricle and drain into the coronary sinus

A

right or small coronary veins

36
Q

the tricuspid valve consist of three leaflets called:

A
  1. anterior
  2. posterior
  3. medial(septal)
37
Q

the RV inflow tract consist of the tricuspid valve apparatus and criss-cross muscular bands called:

A

trabeculations

38
Q

the _____may be seen crossing the RV apex and is one of many normal muscular bands within the RV

A

moderator band

39
Q

the RV outflow tract is also known as the ________

A

infundibulum

40
Q

the MV and TV leaflets attach to the _______ which is then attached to the _____ which anchors the AV valve apparatus to the ventricular walls.

A

chordae tendinae

papillary muscles

41
Q

the pulmonary veins that deliver oxygen back to the heart are:

A

Left uppper pulmonary vein
Let lower pulm vein
Right upper pulm vein
Right lower pulm vein

42
Q

the Pulmonic valve has three cusps called :

A

1.anterior
2.right posterior
3 Left posterior

43
Q

in certain disease states where the LA is enlarged and doesnt contract well(mitral stenosis, a-fib), the _______ must be examined to rule out clot.

A

Left atrium appendage

44
Q

the ______ is the most posterior structure of the heart

A

Left Atrium

46
Q

the left coronary cusp gives rise to the ________.

A

left coronary artery

47
Q

the lv pressure is greater than the Rv pressure by appox:

A

5 times

48
Q

the mitral valve leaflets join together at two commissures called the :

A

anteriolateral commissure and posteromedial commissure

49
Q

The aov has three coronary cusp called the :

A

right cornary
left coronary
non coronary

50
Q

normal LV O2 saturation is:

A

98%

51
Q

each aortic cusp is associated with a ______ which is a pocket like structure located within the aortic root just superior to the aov(aortic valve)

A

sinus of valsava

52
Q

normal RV/RA O2 saturation is

A

75%

53
Q

the _______ houses the AOV(aortic valve)

A

aortic root

54
Q

the inner layer of the aorta is called:

A

tunica intima

55
Q

in the center of the free edge of each cusp is a small nodule that ensures complete closure of the valve. These nodules are known as the ________

A

nodule of Arantius

56
Q

the arteries that come off the aortic arch are:

A

brachiocephalic(innominate)
(L)common carotid
(L) subclavian

57
Q

the right coronary cusp gives rise to the _______.

A

right coronary artery

58
Q

The atrioventricular valves are________ valves because they open during _______.

A

diastolic, diastole

59
Q

The semilunar valves are ________ valves because they open during _______.

A

systolic, systole

60
Q

The IVS is composed of 3 segments, they are:

A

primum: at the level of the av valves

secundum(mid): at the level of the foramen ovale

sinus venosum: at the level of the SVC entrance into the the RA

61
Q

Reduced endocardial motion and myocardial thickening during systole is:

A

Hypokinetic

62
Q

No systolic myocardial thickening, but may have slight endocardial motion is:

A

Akinetic

63
Q

Abnormal bulging of wall during systole and diastole is:

A

Anerurysmal

Echo Class (6 decks)

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