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ECG > ECG Wave Forms > Flashcards

ECG Wave Forms Flashcards

1
Q

An inverted P wave/ biphasic P wave may indicate ?

A

An ectopic rhythm or ischemia.

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2
Q

An unusually tall P wave may be a sign of what ?

A

Atrial enlargement

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3
Q

An unusually wide QRS Complex >120 Ms maybe a sign of ?

A

BBB or ventricular hypertrophy

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4
Q

Depression of the PR segment is seen in ?

A

Pericarditis

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5
Q

PR interval = ?

A

P wave + PR segment

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6
Q

QRS interval=

A

The duration of the QRS Complex

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7
Q

The duration of the normal QRS Complex?

A

80 to 100 Ms. When it is between 100 to 120ms, the QRS duration is slightly prolonged.

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8
Q

A QRS duration> 120 Ms indicates?

A

The cardiac impulse conducts through cardiac myocytes instead of Hiss- Purkinje system. It often occurs in BBB, non specific interventricular conduction delays and ventricular arrhythmias.

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9
Q

QT interval=

A

The duration of QRS Complex+ ST segment+ T wave

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10
Q

What is RR interval

A

It is the duration of all wave forms and segments in one cardiac cycle

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11
Q

What is the duration of normal PR interval?

A

120-200 Ms.

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12
Q

A PR interval < 120 Ms indicates?

A

An abnormal conduction between atria and ventricles

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13
Q

A PR interval>200 Ms indicates?

A

Delayed conduction through the AV node due to age related degeneration of the AV node or medications such a calcium channel blockers or beta blockers.

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14
Q

One small square of ECG =

A

40 Ms or 0.04 sec

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15
Q

One large square of ECG is equal to?

A

200 Ms or 0.20 seconds. / 5mm

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16
Q

An ECG rhythm strip recorded for 1 min will have how many large and small squares?

A

1500 small squares or 300 large squares

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17
Q

The large square method of ECG rate calculation (300/RR intervals in large square) is useful in ?

A

Regular rhythms at regular rates.

18
Q

Small square method of ECG rate calculation is useful in ( 1500/RR interval in small squares)?

A

Useful for very fast regular rhythms.

19
Q

R wave method of ECG rate calculation is useful in ( number of R waves X6)?

A

Useful for slow and irregular rhythms.

20
Q

Normal HR in newborn?

A

110-150 beats

21
Q

Normal HR in 2 years old?

A

85-125 bpm

22
Q

Normal HR in 4 years old?

A

75-115BPM

23
Q

Normal HR in 6 years old+ ?

A

60 to 100 BPM

24
Q

What is the advantage of doubling the standard rate of ECG paper speed?

A

It can help to reveal subtle ECG findings hidden at the slower rates, in particular atrial flutter waves in a 2:1 block.

25
Q

what are the 7 steps of ECG rhythm analysis?

A

1) Rate - Tachycardia or Bradycardia
2) pattern of QRS Complex - Regular or irregular. If irregular is it regularly irregular or irregularly irregular?
3) QRS morphology- Narrow vs wide
4) P wave - absent or present
5) Relationship between P wave and QRS Complex - AV association or dissociation
6) Onset and termination- abrupt or gradual
7) Response to vagal maneuvers.

26
Q

What direction of current lead V1 and V2 measure?

A

Anterior forces as positive waves and posterior forces as negative waves.

27
Q

Lead 1 and V6 measure what direction of force ?

A

Leftward forces

28
Q

Normal P wave axis ?

A

0- 75 degree

29
Q

What is the normal P wave duration?

A

<120 ms

30
Q

What are the inferior leads ?

A

Lead 2, aVF, and 3 are called inferior leads because they observe the inferior wall of the left ventricle.

31
Q

Lateral leads of ECG are ?

A

Lead 1, aVL, V5, and V6

32
Q

Anterior leads of ECG are

A

V3 and V4

33
Q

Septal leads of ECG are ?

A

V1 and V2

34
Q

Einthoven’s Law ?

A

Lead 1 + Lead 3 = lead 2

35
Q

ECG leads of septal wall supplied by LAD?

A

V1 and V2

36
Q

ECG leads of anterolateral wall supplied by LAD?

A

V5 and V6

37
Q

ECG leads of anterolateral wall supplied by LCX ?

A

V4 and V5

38
Q

ECG leads of anterior wall supplied by LAD?

A

V3 and V4

39
Q

ECG leads of lateral wall supplied by LCX?

A

Lead 1, aVL, -aVR

40
Q

ECG leads of inferior wall supplied by RCA?

A

Lead 2,3,aVF

41
Q

Duration of QT interval?

A

400 to 440 Ms in men and 400 to 460 Ms in women

ECG (5 decks)

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