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MLA 117 > ECG Module 1 & 2 > Flashcards

ECG Module 1 & 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Electro-

A

Prefix for Electricity

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2
Q

Define Cardi/o

A

Combining form meaning “heart”

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3
Q

-gram

A

The record, radio graphic image

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4
Q

Graph

A

Instrument used to record, the record

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5
Q

-graphy

A

Process of recording, radiographic imaging

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6
Q

What electrolyte do sensors use

A

Silver/ silver chloride (Ag/ AgCI)

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7
Q

How big are individual squares on an ECG

A

1mmx1mm

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8
Q

How big are the bigger boxes on the ECG paper

A

5mmx5mm

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9
Q

What is measured on the vertical scale of ECG paper

A

Voltage, 10mm vertical length = 1mv

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10
Q

What is measured on the horizontal scale

A

Time, 1mm horizontally = 40ms (milliseconds)

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11
Q

The 3 universal standards of the electrocardiogram

A

1mmx1mm grid paper- square size
1 millivolt = 10 mm- sensitivity (voltage)
25mm11 second- paper speed

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12
Q

Changing Sensitivity of ECG

10mm/mv → 20mm/mv

A

Increases (doubles) height of QRS complex

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13
Q

Changing sensitivity of ECG

10mm/mv → 5mm/mv

A

Decreases (halves) height of QRS complex

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14
Q

Changing paper speed of ECG

25mm/second → 50mm/second

A

Doubles space between segments

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15
Q

Changing paper speed of ECG

25mm/second → 12.5mm/second

A

Decreases (half’s) the space between segments

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16
Q

What is the filter setting
what is the default

A

Reduces/filters out artifact voltages
150Hz for routine ECG recordings

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17
Q

What are artifact voltages

A

Other electrical voltages that interfere with ECG reading ex.: tremors

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18
Q

What should an ECG machine & lead cables be washed with

A

A water- dampened cloth with mild household detergent added to water if needed

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19
Q

What should cables be checked for pre-analytically

How should they be stored

A

Cracks, kinks, exposed wires
Leave cables hanging- do not wrap

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20
Q

Can a sensor be cut in half, why

A

Yes, for small bodies (pediatric)

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21
Q

How many arm sensors are there, where should they be placed

A

2 arm sensors- placed on the “fleshy” outer-side of the arm pointed towards the waist

22
Q

How many leg sensors are there, where should they be placed

A

2 leg sensors- placed on the fleshy area of the inner/outer calf panted towards the waist

23
Q

How many chest sensors are there, what is the order they should be placed in

A

6 chest sensors

1,2,4,3,5,6

24
Q

What is the order chest leads should be attached in

A

Numerically- asending order (123456)

25
Q

Anatomical position of V1

A

4th intercostal space right of the patients sternum

26
Q

Anatomical position of V2

A

Beth intercostal space left of the patients sternum

27
Q

Anatomical position of V4

A

Mid-clavicle on the 5th intercostal space left of the patients sternum

28
Q

Anatomical position of V3

A

On the 5th intercostal space half way between V2 & V4

29
Q

Anatomical position of V5

A

On the 5th intercostal space in line with the armpit

30
Q

Anatomical position of V6

A

On the 5th intercostal space in line vertically with the middle of the armpit

31
Q

How does sensor attachment defer for amputees

A

Placement of limb leads are affected
Attach sensor to reman portion of limb
Avoid scar tissue
Attach sensor to area where limb was attached if missing entirely

32
Q

How does sensor attachment defer for pediatrics

A

Cut resting sensors n half

33
Q

How does sensor attachment defer for geriatrics

A

No variation in terms of sensor attachment
May require pillow support

34
Q

How does sensor attachment defer for clients with funnel chest

A

Follow routine sensor placing as much as possible
Note on the tracing paper forinterpretation

35
Q

How does sensor attachment defer for psychiatric clients

A

Request assistance as required- do not place yourself at risk

36
Q

How does sensor attachment defer for rashes, burns, lesions, surgical incisions, & drains

A

For limb leads- find intact skin to place censors
For chest leads- you may only more censor placement 1/2” max if unable to place sensor report which leads are missing and why- check with your supervisor

37
Q

How does sensor attachment defer for clients with a masectomy

A

Avoid scar tissue, left mastectomy may pose issues with sensor placement
Handle patient with understanding & sensitivity

38
Q

How does sensor attachment defer for clients with acute MI

A

Sweating-clean with alcohol to help sensors stick
Trouble breathing- may be done in a semi-recumbent position
Mark positions with water proof pen
If positions are pre-marked place sensors on those positions

39
Q

Who developed the first electrocardiograph

A

Dr. Willem Einthoven

40
Q

How many sensors on a 12 lead ECG

A

10 sensors (6 chest, 4 limb)

41
Q

The electrocardiograph measured time in:

A

Milliseconds

42
Q

True or false: all ECG is the same quality and my be used interchangeably

A

False

43
Q

An ECG paper pack nearing the end of the roll will show a _______, _____ line approximately ____ feet from the end

A

An ECG paper pack nearing the end of the roll will show a solid, red line approximately 30 feet from the end

44
Q

How should you prepare a client for an ECG

A

Clear instructions
Client relaxation
Client comfort

45
Q

How should a client be positioned for an ECG recording

A

In as much of a supine position as possible
-no more than 45 degrees in elevation

46
Q

How do you prep a clients skin for an ECG

A

Clean with alchohol wipe
Dried/ braised with a dry gauze wipe or medical grade sand paper

47
Q

What is erythema

A

Redness of the skin

48
Q

True or false a client should shave if the areas of sensor application are hairy

A

false- it is not recommended as Micro-abrasions could lead to infection
Clip patches of hair with clean medical scissors if necessary

49
Q

Which chest sensor should never be placed on breast tissue

A

V4

50
Q

What’s another name for chest leads

A

Precordial sensors/leads

51
Q

Why must chest lead placement be precise

A

Mid placement can result in diagnostically misleading changes to the ECG waveform- important to get and accurate “picture” of the heart

MLA 117 (4 decks)

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