Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ECG 7150/7220 > ECG midterm up to chap 10 > Flashcards

ECG midterm up to chap 10 Flashcards

1
Q

where are the semilunar valves

A

btwn pulm artery and right vent

btwn aorta and left vent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

AV valves names and locations

A

tricuspid: btwn right atrium and right vent

mitral/bicuspid: btwn left artia and vent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is the RCA and what does it feed?

A

Right coronary artery.

Feeds SA node 55%, AV node and right ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

LCA?

A

left coronary artery

Feeds septum, bundle branches, anterior heart wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Circumflex

A

left side off of LCA

feeds: SA node (45%), lateral wall of heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what else is LCA called?

A

left main

widow maker

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

LAD

A

Left anterior decending branch off of the LCA. block here called widow maker

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

S1 =

A

LUB
closure of AV valves

Tricuspid/Mitral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

S2 =

A

DUB

closure semilunar valves

Pulmonic and Aortic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What if you ECG is too slow? 2

interventions:

A
  1. Slow vent rate
  2. decreased CO

Inter: atropine/ pacemaker

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what if your ECG too fast? 3

Interventions:

A
  1. decreased vent fill time
  2. increased O2 demands
  3. decreased coronary perfusion time
    inter: vagal maneuver, electrical, BB, amiodarone, adenosine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

If ECG shows no P waves? 1

Interventions:

A

loss atrial kick = decreased preload and CO
(if preload decreased, HR increases compensatory)

inter: chemical or electrical conversion depending on rhythm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

If ST changes? 4

Interventions: 3

A

potential ischemia (ST depression), injury (ST elevation), decreased contractility, and decreased CO

inter: MONA (morphine, O2, nitro, ASA), thromobytic, cath lab

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what do you always do if you have ECG changes? 4

A

Assess PT, IV, O2, call MD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is Electromechanical coupling?

A

2 types of cardiac cells pacemaker (electrical) and mechanical (working cell, muscle contraction)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Electrical Cells

A
  1. pacemaker cells

2. Generates Electrical Impulses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Mechanical Cells

A

muscle for SV

  1. working cell of the heart
  2. produces CArdiac Muscle Contractions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

5 properties of electrical cells : AERCR

A
  1. Automaticity
  2. Excitability
  3. Rhythmicity
  4. Conductivity
  5. Refractoriness
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Automaticity

A

ability to generate electrical impulse spontaneously without external stimulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Excitability

A

ability of cell to depolarize in response to an electrical stimulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

rhythmicity

A

ability of pacemaker cells to fire at regular intervals

SA node

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

conductivity

A

spread of electrical activity from one cardiac cell to another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

refractoriness

A

period of time where the cell cannot respond to any stimulus

when cell is busy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what is an action potential

A

change in electrical energy across the cellular membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

AP occurs in phases

A

depolarization, repolarization, restoration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

resting membrane potential:

A

-90mV

created by distribution of K, Na and Ca

27
Q

threshold potential:

A

-70mV

triggers AP

28
Q

Antiarrythmic drugs :

A

work on diff phases of the AP

29
Q

refractory

A

unresponsiveness to stimulus

30
Q

absolute refractory period

A

cardiac cell cannot respond to another stimulus regardless of strength

31
Q

relative refractory period

A

cells can respond to a stronger than normal stimulus

32
Q

vulnerable period

A

part of relative refractory period where a strong stimulus can cause lethal arrhythmias

33
Q

step-by-step conduction system

A

SA node, intraatrial and internoal pathways to AV node, bundle of His, left bundle branch to right bundle branch, then purkinje fibers

34
Q

SA node fires?

A

60-100 BPM

35
Q

AV junction fires?

A

40-60 BPM

36
Q

Purkinje fibers fire?

A

20-40 BPM

37
Q

what records the electrical activity between two electrodes?

A

leads

38
Q

ECG tracing represents?

A

conduction of electric impulses from atria to vents

in one cardiac cycle

consists of 5 waveforms PQRST

39
Q

waveform

A

deflection or movement away from the baseline (+ or -)

40
Q

segment:

A

line between 2 waveforms

41
Q

interval

A

consists of a waveform and a segment

42
Q

complex

A

collection of waveforms, QRS complex

43
Q

P wave

A

represents atrial depolarization

44
Q

PR interval

A

atrial depolar and AV node delay

45
Q

QRS complex

A

vent depolarization

46
Q

ST segment

A

early vent repolarization

47
Q

T wave

A

vent repolarization

48
Q

QT interval

A

total vent activity (depolar and repolar)

49
Q

U wave

A

purkinji repolar

50
Q

what is 6 sec method?

A

count how many R in 6 sections. 7 = 70 BPM

51
Q

Sequence

A

find R on the line and at each 5 small boxes count 300, 150, 100, 75, 60

52
Q

what is a normal range for PR interval

where does it start and end?

A

0.12 - 0.20 sec

start of P wave and ends at start of QRS

53
Q

Characteristics of QRS complex

begins/ends/normal range

A

begins where the first wave deviates from baseline

ends when the S wave begins to flatten out

normal range: 0.04-0.10 (narrow complex)

54
Q

J point

A

junction where the QRS meets the St segment

  • where we start to look to see if the ST segment is elevated. depressed or isoelectric (normal)
  • look at the amplitude when considering ST segment changes
55
Q

ST segment, beginning and end

A

Begins at end of the QRS and ends when the T wave begins

can be elevated, depressed or isoelectric

56
Q

what does it mean if there is ST elevation?

A
  • myocardial injury (MI)

1-2mm or 1-2 small boxes above the isoelectric line (most diagnostic is 1mm)

other causes: Coronary artery vasospasm, pericarditis, ventricular aneurysm

57
Q

ST depression?

A
  • myocardial ischemia

1-2mm or boxes below the isoelectric line

other causes: R or L vent hypertrophy, PE

58
Q

How do you find/read the ST segment?

A

Find the J point and go over 1 1/2 boxes and see how far away from isoelectric line

59
Q

T wave start, end

A

starts after ST segment and ends when it returns to isoelectric line

60
Q

what is the QT interval

A

time between the onset of ventricle depolarization and end of vent repolarization

  • refractory period of ventricles (immediate following stimulus when further stimulus has no effect
  • QTc intervals is affected by HR
61
Q

Lengthening of the QT interval can lead to?

A

Life threatening arrhythmias

62
Q

What are 2 differences between SA node block and Sinus Arrest?

A

SA node block: SA node generates the impulse but is blocked when exits the SA node. And P-P interval maps out (exact multiples)

Sinus Arrest: SA node does not generate impulse. And P-P does not map out (not exact multiples

63
Q

Common causes of sinus arrhythmia: 3

A

MI
Drugs
Hypoxia

64
Q

what is common in children

A

sinus arrhythmia

ECG 7150/7220 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions