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Z Year3 Clinical Skillz > ECG MED ED CONDITIONS > Flashcards

ECG MED ED CONDITIONS Flashcards

1
Q

What does an irregular transition point represent?

A

Poor R wave progression

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2
Q

What are the p waves like in AF?

A

absent

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3
Q

What are the QRS complexes like in AF?

A

narrowed

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4
Q

What is the rythm like in AF and why?

A

irregularly irregular rhythm: variable ventricular response

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5
Q

Is the baseline affected in AF?

A

baseline not isoelectric - hard to see lik at V1

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6
Q

What are characteristic features of AF?

A
  1. Irregularly irregular rhythm: variable ventricular response
  2. Absent P waves
  3. QRS complexes narrowed
  4. Baseline not isoelectric (can be hard to see) – look at V1
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7
Q

What is fast AF?

A

with tachycardia

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8
Q

What is slow AF?

A

without tachycardia

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9
Q

If there are signs of an unstable arrhythmia what is needed?

A

electrical treatment

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10
Q

What are the signs of unstable arryhtmia?

A
  1. Ischaemia: chest pain
  2. Shock: low BP
  3. Syncopal: losing consciousness
  4. Acute HF: SOB with flash pulmonary oedema
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11
Q

What are the p wave like in atrial flutter?

A

absent

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12
Q

What is the rhythm like in atrial flutter?

A

regularly irregular rhythm

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13
Q

What are QRS complexes like in atrial flutter?

A

narrow - sawtooth pattern

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14
Q

What are characteristric features of atrial flutter?

A
  1. Regularly irregular rhythm
  2. Absent P wave, with sawtooth baseline:
  3. Narrow QRS
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15
Q

What is rate and conduction ratio in atrial flutter? How do you calculate this

A

rate of around 300bpm with a fixed ratio of conduction but HR not 300pm so conduction ration is like 2:1 so for every 2 flutter waves there is 1 QRS, so HR will be either 150bpm, 100bpm or 75bpm depending on conduction ratio 2:1 (150), 3:1, (100), 4:1 (75bpm) – count QRS as a flutter

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16
Q

What is a supraventiruclar tachycardia?

A
  • any tachyarrhythmia that starts above the bundle of His is an SVT
  • however we normally use this when it is not AF or atrial flutter
17
Q

What is needed to look out for in SVT?

A

retrograde P waves (after QRS) and sometimes inverted)

18
Q

How do you know if it is a retrograde P wave or a biphasic T wave?

A

biphasic T wave but if no P wave before QRS, narrow QRS and no flutter waves or fibrillation so must be P waves somewhere

19
Q

What is the PR interval like in 1st degree heart block?

A

prolonged

20
Q

What is the P wave like in 1st degree heart block?

A

sometimes hide inside T wave as so prongled

21
Q

If 1st degree heart block is found what can it suggest?

A
  1. not necessarily a sign of pathology

2. fit young healthy person

22
Q

What is the general description of 2nd degree heart block mobitz 1?

A

Prolonged PR interval and then drop QRS then reset of PR interval

23
Q

What is 2nd degree mobitz Type 1 also known as?

A

Wenckebach phenomenon

Z Year3 Clinical Skillz (9 decks)

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