ECG Flashcards
What is the OSCE mark scheme for ECGs?
What two things go under management?
- Investigation
2. Treatment
What is involved in investigation category?
- Bloods
- Imaging
- Other tests
What does the P wave represent?
atrial depolarisation
What information do you mention in demographic information?
- name of patient
- time + date it was taken
- where it was taken
When would you do a 15 lead ecg?
posterior MI suspected
When would you suspect a posterior MI
R wave is bigger than S wave on V2 (S wave should be dominant in V1 + V2)
Where is the conduction from if there is a p wave present?
from SAN
Where is the conduction from when there is no p wave?
AV or Ventricle
What leads do you look at to determine the cardiac axis?
I, II, (III)
What would a normal cardiac axis look like?
both lead I and II positive with lead II highest positive deflection
What would right axis deviation look like?
lead I: negative
lead II: positive
lead III: most positive
What would left axis deviation look like?
lead I: positive
lead II: negative
lead III: negative
What is right axis deviation associated with?
right ventricular hypertrophy
What is left axis deviation associated with?
heart conduction abnormalities
What lead should you look at for determining heart rate?
II
How do you calculate heart rate if rhythm is regular?
- Count the number of large squares present within one R-R interval
- Divide 300 by this number to calculate heart rate
How do you calculate heart rate if rhythm is irregular?
number of R waves multiplies by 6
What is normal heart rate?
60-100bpm
What is tachycardia?
> 100bpm
What is bradycardia?
<60bpm
What are the 2 types of irregular heart rhythm?
- Regularly irregular: junctional
2. Irregulalary irregular: atrial fib
What are the properties of junctional rhythm?
- Normal QRS
- No P wave
- Regular R-R
What are the properties of atrial fibrillation?
- Normal QRS
- No P waves
- Irregular distances between complexes
What are the properties of ventricular rhythm?
- Wide QRS
- No p waves
- Irregular R-R
