ECG Flashcards

1
Q

How long is a standard ECG strip?

A

10 seconds

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2
Q

How long is one small square in seconds?

A

0.04

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3
Q

How long is a one big square in seconds?

A

0.2seconds

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4
Q

How long should a p wave be?

A

<120ms or <3 small squares

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5
Q

How long should the PR interval be?

A

Between 120ms and 200ms
Between 3 and 5 small squares

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6
Q

How long should QRS complex be?

A

<120ms or <3 small squares

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7
Q

How long should the QT segment be?

A

In males <400ms or <2 big squares
In females <440ms or <2 big squares and one small

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8
Q

What is this?

A

Atrial Fibrillation

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9
Q

What is this?

A

Wolff Parkinson white

Delta waves are present which shows pre excitation syndrome

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10
Q

What is this?

A

Ventricular tachycardia

Broad QRS complexes

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11
Q

What is this?

A

1st degree heart block

Continuous prolonged PR intervals >120ms

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12
Q

What is this?

A

2nd degree heartblock type 1

Progressive prolongation of PR interval until a ventricular contraction is completely missed

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13
Q

What is this?

A

Second degree heart block Mobitz type 2

Intermittent conduction of P waves with no elongated PR interval

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14
Q

What is this?

A

3rd degree heart block

Complete dissociation between atrial and ventricular depolarisation

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15
Q

What is this?

A

Ventricular fibrillation

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16
Q

What is this?

A

Left bundle branch block

Notice the WilliaM pattern with the W1 in V1 and M in V6

17
Q

What is this?

A

Right bundle branch block

Notice the MarroW with M in V1 and W in V6

18
Q

What is this?

A

Anterior STEMI

ST elevation in leads V1-V4

Affects the left anterior descending artery

19
Q

What is this?

A

Lateral STEMI

ST elevation in leads I, aVL and V5 and 6

Due to occlusion of circumflex artery

20
Q

What is this?

A

Inferior STEMI

ST elevation in leads II, III, avF

Occlusion of right coronary artery

21
Q

What is this?

A

Left ventricular hypertrophy

Look at the overlapping of the QRS complexes and there is QRS complex widening in other leads

22
Q

What is this?

A

Pulmonary Embolus

Deep S wave in lead I

Q wave in lead III

Inverted T wave in lead III

23
Q

What is this?

A

Hyperkalaemia

Tall Tented T waves

24
Q

What are normal ECG variants?

A

Sinus arrythmia
Right axis deviation (tall and thin)
Left axis deviation (short and obese)
Partial RBBB

25
Q

What are normal ECG variants in athletes?

A

Sinus bradycardia
1st degree AV block
2nd degree AV block type 1 (Wenckebach)
Junctional escape rhythm