ECEB Flashcards
Components of Helping babies survive program
Helping Babies Breathe
Essential Care for Every Baby
Essential Care for Small Babies
Definition of ECEB
Essential Care for Every Baby is a time-related activity, that every newborn irrespective of location should get within the first 24 hours of life.
Which category of babies and mothers are they done for
Only WELL babies and mothers
From birth to first 60 minute of life
Uninteruptered skin-to-skin carre
Initiation of breastfeeding
Monitor breathing every 15 mins
Feeling of temperature every 15 mins
From 60th min - 90 min
Prevention of disease
- Eye care
- Cord care
- Vit K adminstration
Assess
- Axillary temperature
- Weighing baby
- Neonatal examination
Breastfeeding cues
Opens eyes Baby’s head slightly back Seeks for breast Opens mouth wide Makes suckling sounds
Common organisms causing neonatal eye infections
Gonococci, Staphylococcus aureus and Chlamydia.
Common eyedrops used
Gentamycin eye drops
Ofloxacin
Ciprofloxacin eye drops or ointment.
Why chloramphenicol is not used
Chloramphenicol causes gray baby syndrome characterized by hemodynamic collapse, abdominal distension and ashen-gray skin discoloration in neonates
Which agent is used for cord care
Chlorhexidine
Methylated spirit
Where Vit K is injected
Vitamin K is injected intramuscularly at the middle anterior lateral part of the thigh of newborns as prophylaxis.
Dose of Vit K given
1mg is given to those above 1500g and 0.5mg to babies weighing less than 1500g.
Normal temperature of a neonate
36.5°C- 37.4°C.
Problem temperature
which zone
35.5 - 36. 4
Yellow
Danger sign temperature
<35.5°C and a high temperature ≥37.5°C
When is weighing postponed
When baby is cold unnless there’s an urgent need for calculating doses of drug
Normal weight
greater than 1800g
Problem weight
Greater than 1500g but less than or equal to 1800g
Danger weight
Weight less than or equal to 1500g
4 major areas in examination of new born
Colour of child
Tone and movement of child
Breathing
Cord care
Things to do for child in green zone
Maintain normal temperature Support breastfeeding Advise about breastfeeding problems Begin immunization Reassess the baby and breastfeeding before discharge Give parents guidance for homecare
Layers of clothes for baby
1-2 layers more than the mother
Major factors in breastfeeding
Positioning
Attachment
Frequency
What about positioning in BF
In each position, the baby’s body should be in a straight line with its head opposite the nipple. Its chin should be touching the breast and its neck not flexed.
Signs that milk is enough for baby:
The baby is heard to be swallowing during feeding
The breast softens with feeding.
The baby sleeps well between feeding
Signs of good attachment are:
Baby’s mouth is wide open
Lower lip is turned downwards
Chin is touching breast
>50% of the areola is in the baby’s mouth
Frequency of baby feeds
Every 3 hours
or
8-12 times daily
Treatment for sore or cracked nipples
The mother should wash her breasts with water only and use hindmilk to treat her cracked nipples.
Yellow zone babies
Babies with a temperature of 35.5 to 36.4 °C and a temperature ≥ 37.5 °C
Babies weighing above 1500g to 1800g
Babies with poor feeding
When does temperature move from yellow to red zone
If temperature improves but does not become normal after 4 hours
If temperature does not improve after the first hour
Poor feeding babies
Babies who can swallow but cannot suckle and babies with facial anomalies that affect their ability to suckle (e.g. cleft lip and cleft palate)
feeding for poor feeding babies
Feed the baby with 40-60mls/kg/day of breast milk or 2-5mls per each feed and increase the amount gradually if tolerated by the baby.
Hours of storage of breast milk
- Shelf
- Fridge
- Frozen
shelf - at most 6 hrs
fridge - 24 hrs
Frozen - 3 to 6 months
Signs of red zone babies
Weight ≤1500g Danger signs Too hot or too cold Not feeding Chest In-drawing No movement Seizures
What to do if you identify danger signs
Antibiotics
Seek advanced care
