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AWS Certified Developer Associate > EC2 - Instance Storages > Flashcards

EC2 - Instance Storages Flashcards

1
Q

What is EBS?

A

Elastic Block Store

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2
Q

What is an EBS Volume?

A

Network drive that can be attached to instances.

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3
Q

Does EBS Volume persists data after instance termination?

A

Yes it does.

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4
Q

How many instance can use 1 EBS volume?

A

One volume can connect only to one instance.

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5
Q

What are the EBS Volume restrictions?

A

It is bound to Availability Zones.

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6
Q

Can you have latency with EBS Volumes?

A

Yes, because they are network attached.

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7
Q

What does Provisioned capacity means for an EBS Volume?

A

It means and EBS Volume has a fixed size in GBs and IOPS once its created. Billed by the porvisioned capacity.

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8
Q

What is Delete on Termination attribute?

A

Controls the EBS behaviour when an EC2 instance terminates
* By default, the root EBS volume is deleted (attribute enabled)
* By default, any other attached EBS volume is not deleted (attribute disabled)

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9
Q

What is a typical Delete on Termination attribute use case?

A

Preserve a root volume after termination.

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10
Q

What is EBS Snapshot?

A

Its a backup of the volume at a point of time.

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11
Q

Whats the usage of Snapshots?

A
  • Can copy snapshots across AZs
  • Backuping data
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12
Q

What are the 3 EBS Snapshots features?

A
  • EBS Snapshot Archive
  • cheaper “archive tier”, takes 24 to 72 hours to restore
  • Recycle Bin for Snapshots
  • setup retention rules for snapshot deletion
  • Fast Snapshot Restore (FSR)
  • force full initialization of a snapshot to have no latency on the first use $$$
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13
Q

How to protect retention rules?

A

With the rule lock settings: lock, unlock.

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14
Q

What is AMI?

A
  • Amazon Machine Image
  • AMI are a customization of an EC2 instance
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15
Q

What are AMI restricitions?

A

It is bound to a specific region. (Can be copied across regions).

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16
Q

What are the 3 launch type of EC2 instances?

A
  • Public AMI: AWS provided
  • Own AMI: you make it, you maintain it
  • AWS Marketplace AMI: made by someone else
17
Q

How to create an AMI?

A
  1. Start an instance and do the customizations
  2. Stop the instance
  3. Build AMI, this will create an EBS Snapshot
  4. Launch instances from the AMI
18
Q

What is EC2 Instance Store?

A

a high-performance hardware disk

19
Q

What is the difference in EC2 Instance Store comapred to EBS Volume?

A
  • Better I/O performance
  • EC2 Instance Store lose their storage if they’re stopped (ephemeral)
  • Good for buffer / cache / scratch data / temporary content
  • Risk of data loss if hardware fails
  • Backups and Replication are your responsibility
  • very high IOPS
20
Q

What are the main EBS Volume Types?

A
  • gp2/gp3 : General purpose SSD volume that balances price and performance for
    a wide variety of workloads
  • io1 / io2 (SSD): Highest-performance SSD volume for mission-critical low-latency or
    high-throughput workloads
  • st1 (HDD): Low cost HDD volume designed for frequently accessed, throughput- intensive workloads
  • sc1 (HDD): Lowest cost HDD volume designed for less frequently accessed workloads
21
Q

What are the EBS Volume characterizations?

A

Size | Throughput | IOPS (I/O Ops Per Sec)

22
Q

What type of EBS Volumes can be used for boot?

A

gp2, gp2, io1, io2

23
Q

What are the uses cases of General Purpose SSD Volumes?

A
  • Cost effective storage, low-latency
  • System boot volumes, Virtual desktops, Development and test environments
  • 1 GiB - 16 TiB
  • gp2 iops and size is linked
  • gp3 iops and size is not linked
24
Q

What are the uses cases of Provisioned IOPS (PIOPS) SSD Volumes?

A

*Critical business applications with sustained IOPS performance
* Or applications that need more than 16,000 IOPS
* Great for databases workloads (sensitive to storage perf and consistency)
* Supports EBS Multi-attach

25
Q

What are the uses cases of Hard Disk Drives (HDD) Volumes?

A
  • Cannot be a boot volume
  • 125 GiB to 16 TiB
  • Throughput Optimized HDD (st1)
  • Big Data, Data Warehouses, Log Processing
  • Cold HDD (sc1):
  • For data that is infrequently accessed
  • Scenarios where lowest cost is important
26
Q

What is EBS Multi-Attach?

A
  • Attach the same EBS volume to multiple EC2 instances in the same AZ
  • use case:
  • Achieve higher application availability in clustered Linux applications (ex: Teradata)
  • Applications must manage concurrent write operations
  • Up to 16 EC2 Instances at a time
27
Q

What is EFS?

A

*Elastic File System
* Managed NFS (network file system) that can be mounted on many EC2
* EFS works with EC2 instances in multi-AZ
* Highly available, scalable, expensive (3x gp2), pay per use

28
Q

Whats the typical usage of EFS?

A

content management, web serving, data sharing, Wordpress

29
Q

Is EFS compatible with Windows AMIs?

A

No, it is compatible with Linux based AMIs.

30
Q

How does EFS scales?

A
  • File system scales automatically, pay-per-use, no capacity planning!
31
Q

What are the EFS Storage Classes?

A
  • Performance Mode (set at EFS creation time)
  • General Purpose (default) – latency-sensitive use cases (web server, CMS, etc…)
  • Max I/O – higher latency, throughput, highly parallel (big data, media processing)
  • Throughput Mode
  • Bursting – 1 TB = 50MiB/s + burst of up to 100MiB/s
  • Provisioned – set your throughput regardless of storage size, ex: 1 GiB/s for 1 TB storage
  • Elastic – automatically scales throughput up or down based on your workloads
  • Up to 3GiB/s for reads and 1GiB/s for writes
  • Used for unpredictable workloads
32
Q

What are the EFS Storage Tiers?

A
  • Standard: frequently accessed files
  • Infrequent access (EFS-IA): lower price storage, Enable via policy
33
Q

What are the EFS Storage Tiers availabilities?

A
  • Standard: Multi-AZ, great for prod
  • One Zone: One AZ, great for dev, backup enabled by default, compatible with IA (EFS One Zone-IA)
34
Q

Whats the diff between EBS and EFS?

A

EBS volume
* one instance (except multi-attach io1/io2)
* are locked at the Availability Zone (AZ) level
* gp2: IO increases if the disk size increases
* io1: can increase IO independently
* To migrate an EBS volume across AZ
* Take a snapshot
* Restore the snapshot to another AZ
* Root EBS Volumes of instances get terminated by default if the EC2 instance gets terminated. (you can disable that)
EFS
* Mounting 100s of instances across AZ
* EFS share website files (WordPress)
* Only for Linux Instances (POSIX)
* EFS has a higher price point than EBS
* Can leverage EFS-IA for cost savings

AWS Certified Developer Associate (17 decks)

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