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AWS Certified Cloud Practitioner Must Learns! > EC2 Deck > Flashcards

EC2 Deck Flashcards

1
Q

EC2 is _AAS?

A

IAAS

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2
Q

What is EC2 used for?

A

o Renting virtual machines (EC2)
o Storing data on virtual drives (EBS)
o Distributing load across machines (ELB)
o Scaling the services using an auto-scaling group (ASG)

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3
Q 
What is ECs' Sizing & Config options?
o	Amazon Machine Image Operating System (OS): 
o	Compute power & cores (CPU)
o	Random-access memory (RAM)
o	Storage space:
	Network-attached:
	Hardware
o	Network card
o	Firewall rules
o	Bootstrap script (configure at first launch)
A

o Operating System (OS): Linux or Windows
o Compute power & cores (CPU)
o Random-access memory (RAM)
o Storage space:
 Network-attached (EBS & EFS)
 Hardware (EC2 Instance Store)
o Network card: speed of the card, Public IP address
o Firewall rules: security group
o Bootstrap script (configure at first launch): EC2 User Data

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4
Q

What does each represent?

m5.2xlarge

A

m: instance class
5: generation
2xlarge: size w/in instance

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5
Q

What are the EC2 instance types?

A 
General purpose
Compute Optimized
Memory Optimized
Accelerated Computing
Storage Optimized
Instance Features
Measuring Instance Performance
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6
Q

What is general purpose EC2 instance good for? What are the classes?

A
  1. Great for a diversity of workloads such as web servers or code repositories
  2. Balance b/w compute, memory & networking

Classes: Mac, T, M, A

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7
Q

What is compute optimized EC2 instance good for? What are the classes?

A

Great for compute-intensive tasks requiring high performance processing

Use cases: 
•	Batch processing workloads
•	Media transcoding
•	High performance web servers
•	High performance computing (HPC)
•	Scientific modeling & machine learning
•	Dedicated gaming servers

Classes: C

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8
Q

What is memory optimized EC2 instance good for? What are the classes?

A

Fast performance for workloads that process large data sets in memory

Use cases:
• Floating point number calculations
• Graphic processing
• Data pattern matching

Classes: R, X, High Memory, Z

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9
Q

What is storage optimized EC2 instance good for? What are the classes?

A

Great for storage-intensive tasks that require high, sequential read and write access to large data sets on local storage

Use cases:
• High frequency online transaction processing (OLTP) systems
• Relational & NoSQL databases
• Cache for in-memory databases (for example, Redis)
• Data warehousing applications
• Distributed file systems

Classes: I, D, H

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10
Q

What is fundamental of network security in AWS?

A

Security Groups

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11
Q

What controls how traffic is allowed into or out of our EC2 Instances?

A

Security Groups

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12
Q

What is the most cost efficient instance in AWS? What is the d/c and compared to what?

A

EC2 Spot Instance & up to 90% compared to On-demand

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13
Q

What is EC2 Spot Instance best used for?

A

Useful for workloads that are resilient to failure
• Batch jobs
• Data analysis
• Image processing
• Any distributed workloads
• Workloads with a flexible start and end time

Not suitable for critical jobs or databases

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14
Q

What is AWS responsible for EC2 as part of shared responsibility model?

A 
• Infrastructure (global
network security)
• Isolation on physical hosts
• Replacing faulty hardware
• Compliance validation
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15
Q

What is customer responsible for EC2 as part of shared responsibility model?

A 
• Security Groups rules
• Operating-system patches and
updates
• Software and utilities installed
on the EC2 instance
• IAM Roles assigned to EC2 &
IAM user access management
• Data security on your instance
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16
Q

What is EC2 User Data?

A

Script launched at the first start of an instance

17
Q

What is SSH used for?

A

To start a terminal into our EC2 Instances (port 22)

18
Q

What storages exist for EC2 Instance?

A 
EBS volumes
AMI
EC2 Image Builder
EC2 Instance Store
EFS
19
Q

What is an EBS volume? What can it do? How many instances can it be associated with? What’s a good analogy?

A

NETWORK drive you can attach to your instances while they run that allows the instances to persist data even after termination. It can only be mounted to one instance at a time.

Analogy: USB

20
Q

What limitations exist with EBS volume?

A

It can only be mounted to one instance at a time, and it’s bound to a specific AZ

21
Q

Can you copy EBS volume? If so, how?

A

With EBS snapshot (i.e. copy/back-up)

22
Q

How does EBS provisioned capacity work for size and pricing?

A

Get billed for all the provisioned capacity and can increase capacity over time

23
Q

What is a customization of an EC2 instance where you don’t change IP? What is the advantage of this?

A

Amazon Machine Image

You add your own software, configuration, operating system, monitoring… Faster boot / configuration time because all your software is pre-packaged

24
Q

What are the regional restrictions for AMI?

A

AMIs are built for a specific region but can be copied across regions

25
Q

What AMIs can you launch EC2 instances from?

A 
Public AMI (AWS provided) 
your own AMI (you make and maintain) 
an AWS Marketplace AMI (made by someone else)
26
Q

What is used to automate the creation of Virtual Machines or container images, i.e. to create, maintain, validate, and test EC2 AMIs?

A

EC2 Image Builder

27
Q

What is unique about EC2 Image Builder?

A

Free & can be run on schedule

28
Q

What should you use if you need a high-performance hardware disk?

A

EC2 Instance Store

29
Q

When should you use EC2 Instance Store over EBS volume?

A

If you need a high-performance hardware disk

30
Q

What are the pros & cons of EC2 Instance Store?

A

Pro:
Better I/O performance
Good for buffer/cache/scratch data/temp content

Cons:
Storage is ephermeral (data lost the second instance is lost)
Risk of data loss if hardware fails
Back-ups and replications are your responsibility

31
Q

What is a highly available, scalable, expensive (3x gp2), pay per use, no capacity planning network file system?

A

Elastic File System

32
Q

Which managed NFS can be mounted on 100s of EC2 simultaneously?

A

Elastic File System

33
Q

What is AWS’s Shared Responsibility for EC2 Storage?

A 
• Infrastructure
• Replication for data for EBS
volumes & EFS drives
• Replacing faulty hardware
• Ensuring their employees
cannot access your data
34
Q

What is customer’s Shared Responsibility for EC2 Storage?

A 
• Setting up backup / snapshot
procedures
• Setting up data encryption
• Responsibility of any data on
the drives
• Understanding the risk of
using EC2 Instance Store

AWS Certified Cloud Practitioner Must Learns! (10 decks)

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