EC2 Deck Flashcards
EC2 is _AAS?
IAAS
What is EC2 used for?
o Renting virtual machines (EC2)
o Storing data on virtual drives (EBS)
o Distributing load across machines (ELB)
o Scaling the services using an auto-scaling group (ASG)
What is ECs' Sizing & Config options? o Amazon Machine Image Operating System (OS): o Compute power & cores (CPU) o Random-access memory (RAM) o Storage space: Network-attached: Hardware o Network card o Firewall rules o Bootstrap script (configure at first launch)
o Operating System (OS): Linux or Windows
o Compute power & cores (CPU)
o Random-access memory (RAM)
o Storage space:
Network-attached (EBS & EFS)
Hardware (EC2 Instance Store)
o Network card: speed of the card, Public IP address
o Firewall rules: security group
o Bootstrap script (configure at first launch): EC2 User Data
What does each represent?
m5.2xlarge
m: instance class
5: generation
2xlarge: size w/in instance
What are the EC2 instance types?
General purpose Compute Optimized Memory Optimized Accelerated Computing Storage Optimized Instance Features Measuring Instance Performance
What is general purpose EC2 instance good for? What are the classes?
- Great for a diversity of workloads such as web servers or code repositories
- Balance b/w compute, memory & networking
Classes: Mac, T, M, A
What is compute optimized EC2 instance good for? What are the classes?
Great for compute-intensive tasks requiring high performance processing
Use cases: • Batch processing workloads • Media transcoding • High performance web servers • High performance computing (HPC) • Scientific modeling & machine learning • Dedicated gaming servers
Classes: C
What is memory optimized EC2 instance good for? What are the classes?
Fast performance for workloads that process large data sets in memory
Use cases:
• Floating point number calculations
• Graphic processing
• Data pattern matching
Classes: R, X, High Memory, Z
What is storage optimized EC2 instance good for? What are the classes?
Great for storage-intensive tasks that require high, sequential read and write access to large data sets on local storage
Use cases:
• High frequency online transaction processing (OLTP) systems
• Relational & NoSQL databases
• Cache for in-memory databases (for example, Redis)
• Data warehousing applications
• Distributed file systems
Classes: I, D, H
What is fundamental of network security in AWS?
Security Groups
What controls how traffic is allowed into or out of our EC2 Instances?
Security Groups
What is the most cost efficient instance in AWS? What is the d/c and compared to what?
EC2 Spot Instance & up to 90% compared to On-demand
What is EC2 Spot Instance best used for?
Useful for workloads that are resilient to failure
• Batch jobs
• Data analysis
• Image processing
• Any distributed workloads
• Workloads with a flexible start and end time
Not suitable for critical jobs or databases
What is AWS responsible for EC2 as part of shared responsibility model?
• Infrastructure (global network security) • Isolation on physical hosts • Replacing faulty hardware • Compliance validation
What is customer responsible for EC2 as part of shared responsibility model?
• Security Groups rules • Operating-system patches and updates • Software and utilities installed on the EC2 instance • IAM Roles assigned to EC2 & IAM user access management • Data security on your instance
What is EC2 User Data?
Script launched at the first start of an instance
What is SSH used for?
To start a terminal into our EC2 Instances (port 22)
What storages exist for EC2 Instance?
EBS volumes AMI EC2 Image Builder EC2 Instance Store EFS
What is an EBS volume? What can it do? How many instances can it be associated with? What’s a good analogy?
NETWORK drive you can attach to your instances while they run that allows the instances to persist data even after termination. It can only be mounted to one instance at a time.
Analogy: USB
What limitations exist with EBS volume?
It can only be mounted to one instance at a time, and it’s bound to a specific AZ
Can you copy EBS volume? If so, how?
With EBS snapshot (i.e. copy/back-up)
How does EBS provisioned capacity work for size and pricing?
Get billed for all the provisioned capacity and can increase capacity over time
What is a customization of an EC2 instance where you don’t change IP? What is the advantage of this?
Amazon Machine Image
You add your own software, configuration, operating system, monitoring… Faster boot / configuration time because all your software is pre-packaged
What are the regional restrictions for AMI?
AMIs are built for a specific region but can be copied across regions
What AMIs can you launch EC2 instances from?
Public AMI (AWS provided) your own AMI (you make and maintain) an AWS Marketplace AMI (made by someone else)
What is used to automate the creation of Virtual Machines or container images, i.e. to create, maintain, validate, and test EC2 AMIs?
EC2 Image Builder
What is unique about EC2 Image Builder?
Free & can be run on schedule
What should you use if you need a high-performance hardware disk?
EC2 Instance Store
When should you use EC2 Instance Store over EBS volume?
If you need a high-performance hardware disk
What are the pros & cons of EC2 Instance Store?
Pro:
Better I/O performance
Good for buffer/cache/scratch data/temp content
Cons:
Storage is ephermeral (data lost the second instance is lost)
Risk of data loss if hardware fails
Back-ups and replications are your responsibility
What is a highly available, scalable, expensive (3x gp2), pay per use, no capacity planning network file system?
Elastic File System
Which managed NFS can be mounted on 100s of EC2 simultaneously?
Elastic File System
What is AWS’s Shared Responsibility for EC2 Storage?
• Infrastructure • Replication for data for EBS volumes & EFS drives • Replacing faulty hardware • Ensuring their employees cannot access your data
What is customer’s Shared Responsibility for EC2 Storage?
• Setting up backup / snapshot procedures • Setting up data encryption • Responsibility of any data on the drives • Understanding the risk of using EC2 Instance Store
