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AWS Solutions Architect > EC2 > Flashcards

EC2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is an On-Demand Instance?

A

An instance that allows you to pay by the hour/second with no commitment

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2
Q

What is a Reserved Instance?

A

An instance with reserved capacity that provides significant discounts to On-Demand. Requires 1-3 year contract.

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3
Q

What is a Spot Instance?

A

Allows you to bid a price for an instance, providing greater savings. Good if you have flexible start/end times.

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4
Q

What are Dedicated Hosts?

A

Physical EC2 servers dedicated to your use. Usually used by government etc.

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5
Q

What is the charge when a Spot Instance is terminated?

A

If AWS terminates, you will not be charged for a partial hour. If you terminate, you will be charged for the full hour.

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6
Q

What are the 3 types of Load Balancer available?

A

Application Load Balancer (ALB)
Network Load Balancer (NLB)
Classic Load Balancer (ELB)

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7
Q

Define the Application Load Balancer

A

Operates at layer 7, and best suited to HTTP/HTTPS traffic.

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8
Q

Define the Network Load Balancer

A

Operates at layer 4, and best suited to TCP traffic where extreme performance is required.

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9
Q

Define the Classic Load Balancer

A

Uses features such as X-Forwarded-For header and sticky sessions.

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10
Q

What is EFS?

A

A File Storage Service for EC2

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11
Q

What are the 2 types of Placement Groups?

A

Clustered Placement Groups

Spread Placement Groups

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12
Q

What is a Clustered Placement Group?

A

A group of instances in a single Availability Zone. Best suited to apps relying on low latency such as Big Data.

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13
Q

What is a Spread Placement Group?

A

A group of instances that are on their owndistinct hardware, kept separate.

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14
Q

What is the endpoint to get instance metadata?

A

http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/

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15
Q

Can an EBS Volume be in a different AZ to an instance?

A

No

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16
Q

What is the difference between a snapshot and an image?

A

A snapshot is for backup

An image is for booting a new instance

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17
Q

What are the 2 steps to copy a volume from one Availability Zone to another?

A

Create a snapshot of the Volume

Create a new Volume using the snapshot, selecting the desired Availability Zone in the process.

18
Q

What are the 3 steps to migrate an instance from one region to another?

A

Create a snapshot of the instance
Create an image from the snapshot
Copy the image to the new region and create an instance.

19
Q

What are the default and detailed monitoring times?

A

Default is 5 minutes

Detailed is 1 minute

20
Q

Why do we only get a DNS name for a Load Balancer?

A

Because the underlying IP address could change.

21
Q

What are the default settings for a security group?

A

All inbound traffic is blocked

All outbound traffic is allowed

22
Q

What is Elastic Block Store (EBS)?

A

Allows you to attach storage volumes to EC2 instances

23
Q

Can you block specific IP addresses in a security group?

A

No

24
Q

What 4 Cloudwatch Metrics are provided by default?

A

CPU
Disk
Network
Status

25
Q

What happens to an EBS volume after the EC2 instance its attached to is terminated?

A

It will be deleted. When creating the instance, “Delete on Termination” is selected by default

26
Q

Are security groups stateful or stateless?

A

They are stateful. When you create an inbound rule, that traffic is automatically allowed back out.

27
Q

How many Availability Zones can a placement group be deployed to?

A

One

28
Q

What is the default setting for termination protection?

A

It is disabled

29
Q

What are the 2 status checks for EC2 instances?

A

System Status Check

Instance Status Check

30
Q

What does a System Status Check do?

A

Checks the status of the underlying architecture

31
Q

What does an Instance Status Check do?

A

Checks that the OS can receive traffic

32
Q

What was topping me from ssh’ing into an EC2 instance after I added the correct rule to the security group?

A

The Internet Gateway was not attached to the VPC.

33
Q

What 2 volume types cannot be root volumes?

A

SC1 - Cold HDD

ST1 - Thhroughput Optimized HDD

34
Q

What are the 3 types of boot volumes?

A

GP2 - General Purpose SSD
Io1 - Provisioned IOPS
Magnetic

35
Q

Can I move a Reserved Instance from one region to another?

A

No

36
Q

For Multiple Availability Fault Tolerance, how can you ensure 100% of required servers are online?

A

Always assume the Availability Zone with the most instances is the one to fail.

37
Q

Are individual instances provisioned in regions or availability zones?

A

Availability Zones

38
Q

What are the 11 EC2 instance types?

A 
F - Field Programmable Gateway
I - IOPS
G - Graphics
H - High Disk Throughput
T - Cheap Genreal Purpose
D - Density
R - RAM
M - Main option for Genral Purpose
C - Compute
P - Graphics (pics)
X - Extreme Memory
39
Q

What is Cloudwatch?

A

A monitoring service for your resources

40
Q

What is Cloudtrail?

A

A service that provides tracking and auditing for actions taken in your environment

41
Q

How many security groups can an instance have?

A

Multiple

42
Q

What are the 3 steps to move an EC2 instance from one region to another?

A

Create a snapshot
Copy the snapshot to the new region
Create an image from the snapshot

AWS Solutions Architect (12 decks)

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