EC2 Flashcards
1
Q
Was ist EC2?
A
- EC2 = Elastic Compute Cloud
- EC2 = Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
- Main Capabilities: renting VMs, storing data (EBS), distributing load (ELB) and Scaling the services (ASG)
2
Q
EC2 User Data
A
- used to automate installing updates, installing software, downloading files from the internet, …
- runs with root user
3
Q
EC2 Instance Types – General Purpose
A
- Balance between Compute, Memory, Networking (z.B. t2.micro)
4
Q
EC2 Instance Types – Compute Optimized
A
- for compute-intensive tasks that require high performance processors
5
Q
EC2 Instance Types – Memory Optimized
A
- Fast performance for workloads that process large data sets in memory
6
Q
EC2 Instance Types – Storage Optimized
A
- storage-intensive tasks that require high, sequential read and write access to large data sets on local storage
7
Q
Security Groups
A
- fundamental of network security (like firewall)
- control how traffic is allowed into or out of EC2 Instances (inbound and outbound)
8
Q
Security Groups - Good to know
A
- Can be attached to multiple instances
- Locked down to a region
- one separate security group for SSH access
- All inbound traffic is blocked by default
- All outbound traffic is authorised by default
9
Q
Classic Ports to know
A
- 22 = SSH
- 80 = HTTP
- 443 = HTTPS
10
Q
EC2 Instance Connect
A
- Connect to your EC2 instance within your browser
11
Q
EC2 On Demand
A
- Pay for what you use
- Has the highest cost but no upfront payment
- No long-term commitment
- for short-term and un-interrupted workloads, where you can’t predict how the application will behave
12
Q
EC2 Reserved Instances
A
- 72% discount compared to On-demand
- Reservation Period – 1 year (+discount) or 3 years (+++discount)
- Payment Options – No Upfront, Partial Upfront, All Upfront
- for steady-state usage applications (database)
13
Q
EC2 Savings Plans
A
- discount based on long-term usage
- Commit to a certain type of usage
- specific instance family & AWS region
14
Q
EC2 Spot Instances
A
- discount of up to 90%
- MOST cost-efficient instances
- workloads that are resilient to failure
- Not suitable for critical jobs or databases
15
Q
EC2 Dedicated Hosts
A
- physical server with EC2 instance capacity
- compliance requirements and use your existing server-bound software licenses
- On-demand and Reserved - 1 or 3 years
- most expensive option
- Useful for complicated licensing model or strong regulatory or compliance needs
16
Q
EC2 Dedicated Instances
A
- Instances run on hardware that’s dedicated to you
17
Q
EC2 Capacity Reservations
A
- Reserve On-Demand instances capacity in a specific AZ for any duration
- No time commitment, no billing discounts
- Suitable for short-term, uninterrupted workloads (in one AZ)
18
Q
What’s an EBS Volume
A
- EBS (Elastic Block Store) Volume is a network drive you can attach to your instances while they run
- persist data, even after termination
- only be mounted to one instance at a time
- bound to a specific availability zone
19
Q
EBS – Delete on Termination
A
- Use case: preserve root volume when instance is terminated
20
Q
EBS Snapshots
A
- backup of EBS volume
- copy snapshots across AZ or Region
21
Q
EBS Snapshots Features
A
- EBS Snapshot Archive (75% cheaper)
- Recycle Bin for EBS Snapshots (rules to retain deleted snapshots)
22
Q
AMI (Amazon Machine Image)
A
- a customization of an EC2 instance
- built for a specific region
23
Q
EC2 Image Builder
A
- Automate creation, maintain, validate and test EC2 AMIs
24
Q
EC2 Instance Store
A
- a high-performance hardware disk
- Better performance (than EBS)
- unsafe storage, risk data loss
25
Q
EFS – Elastic File System
A
- shared file system
- can be mounted on 100s of EC2
- with Linux EC2 instances in multi-AZ
26
Q
EFS Infrequent Access (EFS-IA)
A
- Storage class cost-optimized for files not accessed every day (92% less costs)
- will automatically move files to EFS-IA based on last accessed date
27
Q
Amazon FSx
A
- 3rd party high-performance file systems
- FSx for Windows: Network File System for Windows servers
- FSx for Lustre: High Performance Computing Linux file system
