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EC100- Child Growth and Development > EC100 Final Exam > Flashcards

EC100 Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q 
Wernick’s area is located in the left temporal lobe and plays a role in \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_?
A. Grammatical Processing 				
B. Language Production
C. Comprehending word meaning			
D. Comprehending semantic
A

Comprehending word meaning

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2
Q 
When a baby holds up her doll and looks at her parents to make sure they are looking is \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_?
A. Protodeclarative Gesture				
B. Protoimperative Gesture
C. Infant-directed Speech				
D. Catagorical Speech perception.
A

Protodeclarative Gesture

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3
Q

Adults teach children about grammar through ___________________?
A. Responding to infants’ coos and babbles with speech sounds and words
B. Use of expansions elaborating in children’s speech, increasing its complexity
C. Establishing joint attention and commenting of what the child sees
D. Engaging children in frequent conversations, and expanding on what the child says

A

Use of expansions elaborating in children’s speech, increasing its complexity

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4
Q

In an inclusive classroom, exceptional children learn _________________?
A. Strictly by the teacher
B. Strictly with their EA
C. Alongside their typical peers
D. With other children with learning disabilities

A

Alongside their typical peers

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5
Q 
When two children are playing with blocks near each other but are not talking with each other is, it called?
A. Non-Social Activity				
B. Cooperative Play
C. Associative Play					
D. Parallel Play
A

Parallel Play

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6
Q 
What profoundly effects the chances that child maltreatment will occur when parents feel overburdened?
A. Cultural values, Laws, and customs			
B. Parent Characteristics
C. Child Characteristics				
D. Family stress
A

Cultural values, laws, and customs

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7
Q 
The ending -s and -ed are examples of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ in English?
A. Semantics					
B. Morphology
C. Syntax						
D. Phonology
A

Morphology

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8
Q 
.  A form of grammar that is concerned primarily with word order in sentences and with the agreement of words when they are used together is called \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_?
A. Phonology					
B. Syntax
C. Pragmatics					
D. Phonemes
A

Syntax

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9
Q

Early learning about emotions is learned well in context of _______________?
A. Make-believe play
B. Language and verbal Reasoning
C. Executive function
D. Security of attachment “mind-mindedness”

A

Make-believe play

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10
Q 
An innate system developed by Chomsky, that permits a person, once they have acquired sufficient vocabulary, to combine words into grammatically consistent, novel utterances and to understand the meaning of the sentences they hear?
A. Universal Grammar Recognition			
B. Categorical speech perception
C. Phonological Development				
D. Language acquisition device
A

Language Acquisition Device

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11
Q 
When you have an excessive and irrational fear causing a deep sense of panic or dread when you come in contact with the fear is called \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_? 
A. Phobia						
B. Negative Emotional Reaction
C. Anxiety					
D. Stress
A

Phobia

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12
Q

Universal Grammar is ___________________________?
A. Referring to the rules governing the structure and sequence of speech sounds
B. The way underlying concepts are expressed in words and word combinations
C. A built-in storehouse of rules common to all human languages
D. Rules for engaging in appropriate and effective communication.

A

A built in storehouse of rules common to all human languages

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13
Q 
What results from deletion of genetic material on the seventh chromosome; facial, heart, kidney, and mild to serious intellectual abnormalities?
A. Rett Syndrome					
B. Williams Syndrome
C. Down Syndrome					
D. Prader-Willi Syndrome
A

Williams Syndrome

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14
Q 
During the first year what paves the way for the onset of verbal communication?
A. Sensitivity to language				
B. Cognitive and social skills
C. Environmental support				
D. All of the above
A

All of the above

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15
Q 
What approach to emotion emphasizes that the broad function of emotions is to energize behavior aimed at attaining personal goals?
A. Cognitive					
B. Behavioralist
C. Functionalist 					
D. Emotionalist
A

Functionalist

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16
Q 
Correlation for high \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ levels when a child has been in an orphanage for a long time:
A. Stress 						
B. Hormone
C. Creatinine					
D. Cortisol
A

Cortisol

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17
Q 
The most frequent expression of fear is \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_?
A. Stranger anxiety					
B. Animal anxiety
C. Separation anxiety				
D. Loud noises
A

Stranger Anxiety

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18
Q 
When a baby responds in kind to other’s emotions through a built-in automatic process is \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_?
A. Emotional Contagion				
B. Social Referencing
C. Emotional Understanding				
D. Emotional Display
A

Emotional Contagion

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19
Q 
Before separation these infants seek closeness to the parent and often fail to explore. When the parents leave, they are usually distressed, and on her return they combine clinginess with angry, resistive behavior, struggling when held and sometimes hitting and pushing. May continue to cry and cling after being picked up and cannot be comforted easily is\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_?
A. Secure Attachment				
B. Avoidant Attachment
C. Resistant Attachment				
D. Disorganized Attachment
A

Resistant Attachment

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20
Q 
What does not represent reality accurately and can guide one’s behaviors?
A. Recursive thoughts				
B. Desire theory of mind
C. False Beliefs					
D. Perspective taking
A

False Beliefs

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21
Q 
What can increase through effort – influences the way mastery-oriented children interpret negative events. They attribute failure to factors that can be changed or controlled, such as insufficient effort or task?
A. Learned Helplessness				
B. Incremental View of ability
C. Achievement motivation				
D. Achievement attributions
A

Incremental View of Ability

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22
Q 
What always acts in ways consistent with their desires and do not realize that less obvious, more interpretive mental states, such as beliefs, also affect behavior?
A. Desire Theory of Mind				
B. Belief- Desire theory of Mind
C. False Beliefs					
D. Recursive thought
A

Desire Theory of Mind

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23
Q 
In what stage do children start to self describe or emphasize negative traits?
A. Early Childhood					
B. Toddlerhood
C. Early Adolescence 				
D. Middle Childhood
A

Middle Childhood

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24
Q 
Children whose parents are warm and accepting, provide reasonable expectations for mature behavior, and engage in positive problem solving are fostering what in children?
A. Positive self Image				
B. Achievement motivation
C. Entity view of ability				
D. Incremental view of ability
A

Positive Self Image

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25
Q 
Emotional, Cognitive, and Behavioral are all interrelated when it comes to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_?
A. Social Learning					
B. Morality
C. Realism					
D. Development
A

Morality

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26
Q 
Morality is externally controlled. Children accept rules and judge actions on their consequences. Behaviors that result in punishment are viewed as bad, those that lead to rewards are good in which of Kohlbergs levels?
A. Conventional Level				
B. Post conventional level
C. Preconventional level				
D. Principled Level
A

Preconventional Level

27
Q

What characteristics affect a child’s willingness to imitate a model’s behavior?
A. Warmth and responsiveness
B. Competence and Power
C. Consistency between assertions and behavior
D. All of the above

A

All of the above

28
Q 
What is the disciplinary strategy designed to discourage undesirable behavior though physical or verbal enforcement of parental control?
A. Coercive Parental Discipline			
B. Power Assertion
C. Conflict Resolution				
D. Long-term consequences
A

Coercive Parental Discipline

29
Q

Which of the following are NOT instrumental masculine traits:
A. Active, Acts as leader, Adventurous, Aggressive
B. Competitive, Dominant, Feels superior, Independent
C. Considerate, Passive, Tactful, needs approval
D. Outspoken, Rough, self-confident, takes a stand

A

Considerate, Passive, Tactful, needs approval

30
Q 
Which country is all about gender Equality?
A. Iceland						
B. Sweden
C. Western Europe					
D. Nicaragua
A

Sweden

31
Q 
Who reinforces independence in boys and dependence in girls?
A. School						
B. Teachers
C. Parents					
D. Peers
A

Parents

32
Q 
Who reports intense pressure to conform to gender roles and experiences serious difficulties, in the form of withdrawal, sadness, disappointment and anxiety?
A. Gender Typical					
B. Gender Contented
C. Gender intensification				
D. Gender Atypical
A

Gender Atypical

33
Q 
Girls who are highly talented are less likely to develop effective math reasoning skills due to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_?
A. Stereotype threat				
B. Negative peer pressure
C. Emotional sensitivity				
D. Developmental problems
A

Stereotype Threat

34
Q

The reason functions of family have changed over time is because:
A. Society has become more complex
B. Demands on family are too high to sustain alone
C. Families are linked to larger social structures
D. All of the above

A

All Of the Above

35
Q 
What is the most successful parenting approach that involves high acceptance and involvement, adaptive control techniques, and appropriate autonomy granting?
A. Permissive					
B. Authoritative
C. Authoritarian					
D. Uninvolved
A

Authoritative

36
Q 
The relationship between parenting and children’s attributes become \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ as each participant modifies the actions of the other and, on the basis of past interactions, form expectancies for the others behavior?
A. Increasingly bidirectional				
B. Increasingly direct
C. Coregulated					
D. Decreasingly bidirectional
A

Increasingly bidirectional

37
Q 
A sense of oneself as a separate, self-governing individual is called \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_?
A. Self-Worth					
B. Autonomy
C. Psychological Control				
D. Status
A

Autonomy

38
Q 
Children of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ do not differ from the children of heterosexual parents in mental health, peer rejection, or gender-role behavior?
A. Adoptive parents				
B. One-Child Parents
C. Gay/Lesbian Parents				
D. Single Parents
A

Gay/Lesbian Parents

39
Q 
A typical sexual abuser is a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ or someone the parents know well:
A. Male Doctor					
B. Male Parent
C. Male teacher					
D. Male Friend
A

Male Parent

40
Q 
Over time, the massive trauma of persistent abuse seems to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ children’s normal physiological response to stress?
A. Heighten					
B. Blunt
C. Decrease					
D. Increase
A

Blunt

41
Q 
In dual-earner families, the father’s willingness to share child-care responsibilities is a crucial factor in \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_?
A. Moms emotional health				
B. Children’s Emotional health
C. Fathers emotional health				
D. None of the above
A

Moms Emotional health

42
Q 
What type of peer social ability begins first?
A. Parallel play					
B. Non-social activity
C. Associative play					
D. Cooperative play
A

Non-social Activity

43
Q 
Once children establish \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, hostility is rare. Children seem to use play fighting as a safe context to assess the strength of the peer before challenging them:
A. Associative play					
B. Constructive play
C. Rough-and-tumble play				
D. Dominance Hierarchy
A

Dominance Hierarchy

44
Q 
Which children are more extremely antagonistic?
A. Popular children					
B. Rejected Children
C. Controversial children				
D. Neglected Children
A

Rejected Children

45
Q 
Chronic victims of bullying tend to be passive and have \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_?
A. Overprotective mothers				
B. high self esteem
B. High perspective taking				
D. high level of cortisol
A

Overprotective mothers

46
Q 
Children under 8 do not understand that commercials are:
A.  False advertising				
B. selling something
C. Telling a story					
D. not selling something
A

Selling Something

47
Q

Emotional expressions vary with the persons’ developing capacities, goals, and context in Dynamic Systems Theory? T/F

A

True

48
Q

15% of children are identified as Difficult child in the structure of Temperament? T/F

A

False - it is 10%

49
Q

Separation anxiety is when a child becomes upset when their trusted caregiver leaves? T/F

A

True

50
Q

Incremental view of ability attributes their failures, not their successes, to ability. When they succeed, they are likely to conclude that external events, such as luck are responsible? T/F

A

False - It is Learned Helplessness

51
Q

In-group Prejudice is when children simply prefer their own group, generalizing from self to similar others? T/F

A

False - It is In-group favoritism

52
Q

By 1.5 years of age, humans have a clear grasp of people’s emotions and desires? T/F

A

False - It is 2 years of age

53
Q

The role of religion in a culture may influence a child’s moral development and sense of moral identity? T/F

A

True

54
Q

Verbal Aggression damages another’s peer relationships through social exclusion, malicious gossip, or friendship manipulation? T/F

A

False - It is relational Aggression

55
Q

Girls are more likely to be targets of harsh, inconsistent discipline? T/F

A

False - It is boys

56
Q

By early preschool years, children can label their own sex and that of others correctly through gender stability? T/F

A

False - It is Gender Labeling

57
Q

Never guide a child into playing with a toy based on their gender? T/F

A

True

58
Q

. Authoritarian parenting style is warm, sensitive, and sensitive to the child’s needs. They establish an enjoyable, emotionally fulfilling parent-child relationship? T/F

A

False - It is Authoritative

59
Q

Children who are ‘only-child’ are spoiled? T/F

A

False - They are NOT spoiled

60
Q

Describe the difference between proactive and reactive aggression:

A

Researchers explain that proactive and reactive aggression are strongly correlated; aggressive children engage in both and most studies do not differentiate them.
•Proactive – children act to fulfill a need or desire- obtain an object, privilege, space, or social reward, such as adult attention or (in older kids) peer admiration- and unemotionally attack a person to achieve their goal.
•Reactive – an angry, defensive response to a provocation or a blocked goal and is meant to hurt another person.

61
Q

Name 3 forms of aggression and describe them:

A
  • Physical Aggression – harms others through physical injury – pushing, hitting, kicking, or punching others, or destroying another’s property.
  • Verbal Aggression – Harms others though threats of physical aggression, name calling, or hostile teasing.
  • Relational Aggression – Damages another’s peer relationships through social exclusion, malicious gossip, or friendship manipulation.
62
Q

Define parallel play, Associative play, and Cooperative play:

A
  • Parallel Play – Limited form of social participation in which the child plays near other children with similar materials but does not try to influence their behavior.
  • Associative Play – Children engage in separate activities but exchange toys and comment on one another’s behavior.
  • Cooperative Play – A more advanced type of interaction, children orient toward a common goal, such as acting out a make-believe theme.
63
Q

Name 4 components of language:

A

Phonology – refers to the rules governing the structure and sequence of speech sounds.
Semantics – Involves vocabulary – the way underlying concepts are expressed in words and word combinations.
Grammar – consists of syntax (the rules by which words are arranged in sentences) and morphology (markers that very word meaning)
Pragmatics – Rules for engaging in appropriate and effective conversation

64
Q

List 5 influences on moral reasoning and explain each:

A

Personality – Flexible, open-minded approach to new information and experiences gain more opportunities for social participation and social skills.
Child-Rearing Practices – Parents who facilitate moral reasoning instill warmth, engage in the exchange of ideas, demand treatment of others with respect and fairness, encourage prosocial behavior and promote maturity, and cooperative style of family life.
Schooling – Higher education introduces young people to social issues that extend beyond personal relationships to entire political and cultural groups, which emphasizes open discussion, and students become more aware of diversity.
Peer Interaction – When young people negotiate and compromise, they realize that social life can be based on cooperation between equals rather than on authority relations.
Culture – those who are able to appreciate the role of larger social structures, such as laws and government institutions, in resolving moral conflict, have an advanced moral understanding.

EC100- Child Growth and Development (2 decks)

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