EBP Flashcards
A problem-solving approach to clinical practice that integrates the conscientious use of best evidence in combination with a clinician’s expertise and patient preferences and values in making decisions about patient care.
EBP
Sources for EBP (7 things)
i. Textbooks
ii. Articles from nursing and health care literature
iii. Quality Improvement and risk management data
iv. Standards of care
v. Infection control data
vi. Benchmarking, retrospective, or concurrent chart reviews
vii. Clinicians’ expertise
Steps of EBP
- Cultivate a spirit of inquiry
- Ask a clinical question in PICOT format
- Search for the most relevant evidence
- Critically appraise the evidence you gather
Question what does not make sense to you and what needs to be clarified
cultivate a spirit of inquiry
asking a clinical question
PICOT
PICOT
Patient population of interest (age, gender, ethnicity, health problem)
Intervention of interest (treatment, tests)
Comparison of interest
Outcome
Time
most important sources
systematic reviews & met analysis
asking experts for help
i. Nursing faculty
ii. Advanced practice nurses
iii. Staff educators
iv. Risk managers
v. Librarians
teaching, assessment or documentation tools, clinical practice guidelines, policies and procedures
integrating evidence
consider setting, staff support, scope of practice, resources
applying evidence
When evaluating an EBP change determine
i. Was the change effective?
ii. Are modifications needed?
iii. Should the change be discontinued
After critiquing all articles for a PICOT question
i. Synthesize or combine the findings
ii. Consider the scientific rigor of the evidence and whether it has application in practice
Elements of an article
Abstract
Introduction
Literature review or background
Manuscript narrative
- Brief summary of about research paper or paper in general
- “objectives” “purpose of”
abstract
Contain more info about the purpose of the article
introduction
a description of the patient population, the nature of a certain disease or health alteration, how patients are affected, and the appropriate nursing therapies
clinical article
Explains the focus or intent of a study.
Includes: research questions or hypotheses
purpose statement
Explains how a research study was organized and conducted to answer the research question or test the hypothesis
methods or design
Methods or design shows the
- type of study conducted
RCT, case control, qualitative study - number of people in study
the author explains the clinical implications for the topic presented
clinical results or conclusions
the author details the results of the study and explains whether a hypothesis is supported or how a research question is answered
research results or conclusion
when applying evidence consider
consider setting, practice, resources
after applying evidence
evaluate the outcome
When evaluating an EBP change determine
Was the change effective?
Are modifications needed?
Should the change be discontinued?
Never implement a _____ without evaluating its effects
practice change
After implementing an EBP change, it is important to communicate the results (4 things)
i. Clinical staff on the unit
ii. Nursing practice council or the research council
iii. Clinicians
iv. Professional conferences and meeting
outcomes must be
observable or measurable
The most reliable and objective means of acquiring and conducting research and gaining knowledge.
Scientific Method
precise measurement and quantification
Quantitative
Examples of quantitative research (4 things)
ii. Experimental research
iii. Nonexperimental research
iv. Surveys
v. Evaluation research
Med example of quantitative
A study testing different forms of surgical dressing measures the extent of wound healing
such as patients’ perceptions of illness or quality of life
qualitative research
Examples of qualitative research
ii. Ethnography
iii. Phenomenology
iv. Grounded theory
med example of qualitative
spiritual needs of patients with brain tumors & how nurses support these needs
Research process part of diagnosis in nursing process
develop research question/hypotheses
Informed consent means: 4 things
i. Participants receive full and complete information
ii. They can understand the information
iii. They have free choice to participate
iv. They understand how their confidentiality will be kept
Will not be reported in any manner that identifies the subject and will not be accessible to people outside the research team
Confidentiality
Use of information from research and other sources to determine safe and effective nursing care with the goal of improving patient care and outcomes
EBP
Systematic inquiry answers questions, solves problems, and contributes to the generalizable knowledge base of nursing; may or may not improve patient care
Research
Improves local work processes to improve patient outcomes and health system efficiency; results usually not generalizable
QI
