EBD

Question 1

What are the 5As in EBD?

Answer 1

ASK
ALIGN 
ACQUIRE 
APPRAISE
APPLY 
REFLECT

Question 2

What do the 5As stand for in EBD?

Answer 2

Ask - how to ask the clinical qs to find the evidence
Align and Acquire - search for and retrieve evidence - know where to look and the strengths and weaknesses of research
Appraise - critics the research - is it relevant and valid?
Apply - how do we then apply this research to our clinical practice?
Refelction - is there anything we can do differently next time?

Question 3

What is a peer review?

Answer 3

This is when a piece of researcher work is sent to other scientists who work in/are specialists in that field/topic who critique the work ensuring it is accurate and relevant - work is scrutinised (but can be biased)

Question 4

What is PICO?

Answer 4

POPULATION - what pt group we are looking at
INTERVENTION - what tx is being done
COMPARISON - what are we comparing to (ie tx to control)
OUTCOME - what was the result of the intervention - desired, undesired?

Question 5

Give an example of PICO

Answer 5

P - children in Scotland with primary caries
I - the hall technique
C - standard technique
O - rate of failure

Question 6

What is RISK?

Answer 6

Risk - the chance of outcome happening/all the outcomes

Question 7

What is risk ratio?

Answer 7

This is the risk of outcome in TX group/ risk of outcome in non-tx group

Question 8

What is odds?

Answer 8

This is the chance of an outcome occurring/it not occuring

Question 9

What is an odd ratio?

Answer 9

Odd of outcome in tx group/ odds of outcome in non tx group

1. WORK OUT ODDS IN TX AND NON TX GROUP (IE OUTCOME IN TX GROUP/OUTCOME NOT WORKING IN TX GROUP AND THEN OUTCOME IN NON TX GROUP/OUTCOME NOT WORKING IN TX GROUP)
2. THEN WE DIVIDE TX ODD BY NON TX ODD

Question 10

What is an outcome?

Answer 10

The result

Question 11

What is a starting risk?

Answer 11

this is the risk of outcome without tx

Question 12

What is modified risk?

Answer 12

This is the risk of outcome with tx

Question 13

What is relative risk?

Answer 13

This is where we do diff (tx-no tx)/tx )x100

Question 14

What is absolute risk?

Answer 14

This is where we do risk with tx - risk without tx

Question 15

what is NNTT?

Answer 15

Number needed to treat

1/ARD

Question 16

What are the important numbers for absolute risk?

Answer 16

If absolute risk =0 = value of no difference

If absolute risk >1 = benefit of intervention

Question 17

What are risk ratio values?

Answer 17

Value of no difference = 1

If RR>1 THEN tx has a difference

Question 18

What are odds ratio numbers?

Answer 18

if OR = 1 = value of no difference = no benefit