Eating Disorders Flashcards
Most common eating disorders
- anorexia nervosa
- bulimia nervosa
- binge-eating disorder
Anorexia Nervosa
Eating disorder that compels people to lose an unhealthy amount of weight
- refusal to gain wt
- restricting, binge-eating
- severity rated by BMI
- highest mortality rate of any mental illness
- industrialized nations
- teens and females
Symptoms of Anorexia Nervosa last…
3 months
Clinical Manifestations of Anorexia Nervosa
-intense fear of gaining weight, refusal to gain weight, distorted body image
- appears malnourished
- hair brittle, hair loss
- lanugo
- skin dry, nails brittle
- poor temp control
- bradycardia and hypotension
- impaired thinking
- amenorrhea
- cardiac dysrhythmias
Bulimia Nervosa
episodic uncontrolled binging followed by purging behaviors
- recurrent episodes of binge eating
- larger amts of food than most people
- sense of lack of control
- recurrent compensatory behaviors
- self eval by body shape and weight
- episodes not exclusively during episodes of anorexia nervosa
Symptoms of Bulimia Nervosa last…
at least weekly for 3 months
Severity of Bulimia Nervosa determined by…
number of compensatory behaviors/week
Bulimia Nervosa occurs in about…
3 percent of population
- late adolescence, early adulthood
- females
- under diagnosed
- comorbid with other psychiatric disorders
Clinical Manifestations of Bulimia Nervosa
- incessant obsession with food and body weight
- menstrual irregularity
- dehydration
- bloating
- slowed peristalsis
- cardiac arrhythmias
- symptoms due to vomiting
Symptoms due to vomiting (Bulimia Nervosa)
- sore throat
- damage to teeth
- scarring on backs of fingers
- injury to esophagus or stomach
- damage to parotid glands/swollen cheeks
- ruptured blood vessels in eyes
- stomach pain
- GERD
BED
Binge-Eating Disorder
- binging once a week for at least 3 months
- absence of purging
- loss of control
- interferes with personal relationships
- eat after feeling of fullness
- relief followed by disgust, guilt
- severity determined by number of binge eating episodes/week
Complications of BED
- obesity
- high cholesterol
- HTN
- type 2 DM
- heart disease
Complications of Obesity
- obstructive sleep apnea
- arthritis
Co-Occuring Disorders
- depression
- anxiety disorders
- PTSD
- alcoholism/substance abuse
- borderline personality disorder
- self injury/self harm
Nursing Assessment for Feeding and Eating Disorders
- precipitating stressors
- patient symptoms (nutritional status, review of labs/stdx)
- safety issues
- depression/anxiety risk factors
- resilience factors
- current coping strategies
- response to previous treatment
- compliance with treatment
Nursing plan/goal for feeding and eating disorders: Short Term
- safety
- adequate fluid intake
- powerlessness
- impulse control
- daily functioning
- self esteem
Nursing plan/goal for feeding and eating disorders: Long Term
- restoring nutritional status
- maintenance of body weight within an acceptable range
- development of healthy body image
Nursing Interventions for Feeding and Eating Disorders
- promote safety
- develop therapeutic relationship
- encourage expression of feelings
- identify areas of control
- set clear limits
- avoid arguing or bargaining
- maintain I and Os
- provide structure
Collaborative Interventions for Feeding and Eating Disorders
- lab tests
- diagnostics tests
- pharm
- non-pharm
- CAM
Lab tests
- albumin and total protein
- electrolytes
- kidney, thyroid and liver fx
- CBC
- urinalysis
Diagnostic Tests
- EKG
- bone density
Pharmacological Interventions
- antidepressants
- possibly antipsychotics or mood stabilizers
Non-pharm interventions
- DBT, CBT
- Group therapy including Art therapy
- family therapy
- nutrition counseling (enteral feeding)
CAM
helpful for anxiety but not specific to eating disorders
