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Psych Exam 2 > Eating Disorders > Flashcards

Eating Disorders Flashcards

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1
Q

Most common eating disorders

A
  • anorexia nervosa
  • bulimia nervosa
  • binge-eating disorder
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2
Q

Anorexia Nervosa

A

Eating disorder that compels people to lose an unhealthy amount of weight

  • refusal to gain wt
  • restricting, binge-eating
  • severity rated by BMI
  • highest mortality rate of any mental illness
  • industrialized nations
  • teens and females
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3
Q

Symptoms of Anorexia Nervosa last…

A

3 months

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4
Q

Clinical Manifestations of Anorexia Nervosa

A

-intense fear of gaining weight, refusal to gain weight, distorted body image

  • appears malnourished
  • hair brittle, hair loss
  • lanugo
  • skin dry, nails brittle
  • poor temp control
  • bradycardia and hypotension
  • impaired thinking
  • amenorrhea
  • cardiac dysrhythmias
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5
Q

Bulimia Nervosa

A

episodic uncontrolled binging followed by purging behaviors

  • recurrent episodes of binge eating
  • larger amts of food than most people
  • sense of lack of control
  • recurrent compensatory behaviors
  • self eval by body shape and weight
  • episodes not exclusively during episodes of anorexia nervosa
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6
Q

Symptoms of Bulimia Nervosa last…

A

at least weekly for 3 months

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7
Q

Severity of Bulimia Nervosa determined by…

A

number of compensatory behaviors/week

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8
Q

Bulimia Nervosa occurs in about…

A

3 percent of population

  • late adolescence, early adulthood
  • females
  • under diagnosed
  • comorbid with other psychiatric disorders
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9
Q

Clinical Manifestations of Bulimia Nervosa

A
  • incessant obsession with food and body weight
  • menstrual irregularity
  • dehydration
  • bloating
  • slowed peristalsis
  • cardiac arrhythmias
  • symptoms due to vomiting
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10
Q

Symptoms due to vomiting (Bulimia Nervosa)

A
  • sore throat
  • damage to teeth
  • scarring on backs of fingers
  • injury to esophagus or stomach
  • damage to parotid glands/swollen cheeks
  • ruptured blood vessels in eyes
  • stomach pain
  • GERD
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11
Q

BED

A

Binge-Eating Disorder

  • binging once a week for at least 3 months
  • absence of purging
  • loss of control
  • interferes with personal relationships
  • eat after feeling of fullness
  • relief followed by disgust, guilt
  • severity determined by number of binge eating episodes/week
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12
Q

Complications of BED

A
  • obesity
  • high cholesterol
  • HTN
  • type 2 DM
  • heart disease
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13
Q

Complications of Obesity

A
  • obstructive sleep apnea

- arthritis

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14
Q

Co-Occuring Disorders

A
  • depression
  • anxiety disorders
  • PTSD
  • alcoholism/substance abuse
  • borderline personality disorder
  • self injury/self harm
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15
Q

Nursing Assessment for Feeding and Eating Disorders

A
  • precipitating stressors
  • patient symptoms (nutritional status, review of labs/stdx)
  • safety issues
  • depression/anxiety risk factors
  • resilience factors
  • current coping strategies
  • response to previous treatment
  • compliance with treatment
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16
Q

Nursing plan/goal for feeding and eating disorders: Short Term

A
  • safety
  • adequate fluid intake
  • powerlessness
  • impulse control
  • daily functioning
  • self esteem
17
Q

Nursing plan/goal for feeding and eating disorders: Long Term

A
  • restoring nutritional status
  • maintenance of body weight within an acceptable range
  • development of healthy body image
18
Q

Nursing Interventions for Feeding and Eating Disorders

A
  • promote safety
  • develop therapeutic relationship
  • encourage expression of feelings
  • identify areas of control
  • set clear limits
  • avoid arguing or bargaining
  • maintain I and Os
  • provide structure
19
Q

Collaborative Interventions for Feeding and Eating Disorders

A
  • lab tests
  • diagnostics tests
  • pharm
  • non-pharm
  • CAM
20
Q

Lab tests

A
  • albumin and total protein
  • electrolytes
  • kidney, thyroid and liver fx
  • CBC
  • urinalysis
21
Q

Diagnostic Tests

A
  • EKG

- bone density

22
Q

Pharmacological Interventions

A
  • antidepressants

- possibly antipsychotics or mood stabilizers

23
Q

Non-pharm interventions

A
  • DBT, CBT
  • Group therapy including Art therapy
  • family therapy
  • nutrition counseling (enteral feeding)
24
Q

CAM

A

helpful for anxiety but not specific to eating disorders

25
Q

Refeeding Syndrome

A
  • nutritional rehabilitation
  • simply a higher calorie (carb) overfeeding during a caloric deficit
  • metabolic complication that occurs when nutritional support is given to severely malnourished patients
26
Q

Symptoms of refeeding syndrome

A

based on electrolytes that are out of balance

  • Sz
  • confusion
  • cardiac failure
27
Q

Hypokalemia

A
  • musculoskeletal weakness
  • cardiac problems
  • low BP
  • resp depression
28
Q

Hypomagnesemia

A
  • tachycardia

- diarrhea

29
Q

Behavioral Management Issues

A
  • some of the most challenging issues to deal with and the most urgent to sort out
  • patients may deny that they have the disorder and hardly be aware of their behaviors
30
Q

Types of Behavioral Issues

A
  • Sneak extra water to increase weight
  • Wear weighted objects to increase weight
  • Exercise with extra movement
  • Wear little clothing to shiver and lose calories
  • Dispose of food down toilet, run NG feed into sink
  • Vomit in toilets or trash cans
  • Have friends/relatives to dispose of food/provide it for binges
31
Q

Preventing Relapse

A
  • letter to self
  • urge cards
  • consequence list
  • structure
  • setting goals

Psych Exam 2 (3 decks)

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