East Asia: Vocab Flashcards
The Chinese belief that the Emperors and ruling dynasty were chosen by the Heavens to rule
mandate of heaven
A Chinese Philosophy based on the teachings of the scholar, Confucius (teaches respect and obedience)
confucianism
A Chinese Philosophy that states one must go with the flow of nature
daoism
An Indian philosophy based on the teachings of Prince Gautama Buddha; teachings include separating oneself from worldly concerns
buddhism
A combination of Confucianism and either Daoism or Buddhism
neo-confucianism
The blending of two or more cultures, usually as a result of imperialism and/or conquest
sinification
The Chinese beauty standard of binding a young woman’s foot to make it appear smaller, and thus, more feminine and beautiful
foot binding
A government examination taken by people of any social class to earn a spot in the bureaucracy or scholar gentry.
civil service exam
A system of governance that establishes government departments, bureaus, and agencies to carry out everyday jobs and governance by magistrates and members of the gentry as representatives of the imperial government
imperial bureaucracy
Upper-middle class scholars ranking above peasants but below nobles
scholar gentry
A form of industrialization that was not based on the factory system
proto-industrialization
An artificial river built by the Imperial government of the Sui Dynasty to connect the major rivers and farmlands to the capital cities and major fortress cities
grand canal
A form of paper money that was invented by merchants during the Tang Dynasty; was later adopted by the state as official currency
flying cash
A rice growing the Champa kingdom (present-day southern Vietnam); requires little water and maintenance; used by the Chinese as a stable, long-lasting food source
champa rice
Chinse Sea Navigational Technology includes:
- The Compass
- The rudder
- Watertight cabins
chinese navigational technology
A substance invented by the Chinese that revolutionized warfare
gunpowder
A printing technique used by Chinese scholars to spread knowledge
wood-block printing
The highest-ranking military general/marshal in Japan and they de facto ruler for many centuries; rules as a shogunate
shogun
A moral code used by Samurai that guided them on how to act: the Japanese version of the codes of chivalry
bushido
A social and economic system where land was divided up into lordships and then into smaller estates. Serfs were taxed by lords who were taxed by the monarch.
feudalism
A Japanese noble rank; a great lord and vassal of the Shogun
daimyo
Paid soldiers who were tasked with protecting a lord and his estate; the Japanese equivalent of a Medieval European Knight
salaried samurai
The native Japanse religion
shinto
A soft and shiny metal often used as a currency
silver
An isolationist policy that was utilized by Japan for over two centuries; involved closing borders permanently; no one can enter or exit the nation other than the Dutch at port Dejima in Nagasaki
sakoku
An Asian prairie/plains
steppe
‘Mongol Peace’; is a term referring to the brief stability in Eurasia under the Mongol Empires
pax mongolica
A postal, communications, and supply network utilized by Ogedei Khan; make up of relay situations, stables, food stores, and shelters
yam system
A transcontinental trade network extending from Easter Asia to the Middle East and Constantinople
silk road
A city once on the Sild Road and grew economically because of it
samarkand
A strategic trading post on the Sild Road
kashgar
A formal name for a bank
banking houses
A roadside inn where travelers could rest and eat
caravanserai
An infectious disease that spread via humans, fleas, and rodents; killed millions all over the world
bubonic plague
The ethnic people of Manchuria
manchu
An East Asian hairstyle/braid
queue
The official imperial portraits of the Qing Emperors
qing imperial portraits
A person who carries a flag or banner; a standard-bearer
bannerman
