East Asia: Significant States Flashcards
Song Dynasty
The Song Dynasty (960–1279) was a period of great economic, social, and political development for China. During this period, the population nearly doubled, and the economy grew rapidly. The Song government was also able to bring much of the territory under its control, including large parts of modern-day Vietnam. The Song dynasty saw the introduction of many new technologies, including gunpowder, printing, and the compass. It was during this period that Chinese art, literature, and poetry flourished. Confucianism was also the main philosophy of the time. The Song dynasty came to an end in 1279 when the Mongols conquered China. The Mongol Yuan dynasty (1279–1368) was followed by the Ming dynasty (1368–1644) and the Qing dynasty (1644–1912). The period from 1200 to 1750 was marked by the development of maritime trade and the growth of cities. New technologies such as the hydraulic-powered water wheel and paper money were introduced during this time. The Ming and Qing dynasties also developed a stronger centralized government and increased relations with other countries. In addition, Confucianism was still a major influence in China during this time period.
Yuan Dynasty
The Yuan Dynasty ruled China from 1271 to 1368. Founded by Mongol conqueror Kublai Khan, the Yuan Dynasty was the first foreign dynasty to rule all of China. During its reign, the Yuan Dynasty was a period of great prosperity and cultural exchange. The dynasty was known for its large and unified trading network, as well as its advances in art and literature. In addition, the Yuan Dynasty introduced new religious practices, such as Tibetan Buddhism, to China. The dynasty also had a lasting impact on China’s political structure, as it established a bureaucratic system of government that would end up lasting for centuries. Despite its successes, the Yuan Dynasty was eventually overthrown by a rebel army in 1368 and was replaced by the Ming Dynasty.
Qing Dynasty
The Qing Dynasty, also known as the Manchu Dynasty, ruled China from 1644 to 1912. It was the last imperial dynasty of China and one of the longest-ruling dynasties in the world. The Qing Dynasty was founded by the Manchus, an ethnic minority from Manchuria. During the Qing Dynasty, China experienced a period of peace and prosperity. Trade and commerce flourished, and new technology was introduced. The arts and culture of the period were also greatly influenced by the Manchus. The Qing Dynasty was a period of great social and economic change, with a new emphasis on the importance of education and the development of a strong central government. In the mid-18th century, the Qing Dynasty reached the height of its power and influence, ruling over a large part of East Asia. However, in the 19th century, the Qing Dynasty’s power began to decline, and it was eventually overthrown in 1912.
Tokugawa Shogunate
The Tokugawa Shogunate, which was established in Japan during the period of 1200-1750, was a feudal military government that held power for over 250 years. During this period, the Tokugawa Shogunate implemented a policy of isolationism, allowing limited trade with China and the Netherlands, and controlling internal travel. The shogunate also established a rigid social hierarchy, with the samurai at the top and the commoners at the bottom. Through a combination of military force and economic policies, the shogunate maintained control of Japan until it was overthrown in 1868.
