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World Geography (9th) > East Asia Test > Flashcards

East Asia Test Flashcards

Ch.28, Ch.29, Ch.30

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1
Q

commune

A

a collective farming community

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2
Q

ideogram

A

a pictorial character or symbol that represents specific meaning or idea

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3
Q

loess

A

fine, yellowish brown topsoil made up of particles of slit and clay, carried by the wind

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4
Q

typhoon

A

a violent tropical storm that forms in the western Pacific Ocean, usually in late summer

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5
Q

archipelago

A

a group or chain of islands

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6
Q

tsunami

A

a huge wave resulting from undersea earthquake or volcanic activity that gets higher and higher as it approaches the coast

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7
Q

aborigine

A

an area’s original inhabitant

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8
Q

monsoon

A

in Asia, a seasonal wind that brings warm, moist air from the oceans in summer + cold, dry air from land in winter

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9
Q

coup

A

an overthrow of the government

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10
Q

acculturation

A

cultural modification of an individual , group, or people by adapting to or borrowing traits from another culture

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11
Q

clan

A

a family group

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12
Q

aquaculture

A

the cultivation of seafood

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13
Q

islet

A

a very small island

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14
Q

drift-net fishing

A

the use of fishing nets of great length and depth

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15
Q

dissident

A

a citizen who speaks out against government policies

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16
Q

cultural divergence

A

a separation of people or societies, with regard to beliefs, values and customs, due to a division under different political system

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17
Q

Atheist

A

a person who believes there is no god

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18
Q

Special Economic Zone (SEZ)

A

a relatively small district in China that is fully open to global commerce

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19
Q

Why is burning coal a problem?

A

Burning coal for energy and heat causes pollution and acid rain

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20
Q

What causes acid rain?

A

Burning of coal causes acid rain which pollutes the air and spreads throughout East Asia.

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21
Q

How does acid rain affect China?

A

In China, acid rain is caused by mining. The acid rain then causes water pollution (Ex: contamination of sea life and a lack of clean water)

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22
Q

How does acid rain affect Mongolia?

A

I’m Mongolia, acid rain is caused by burning coal. The acid rain can then spread, pollute water, and damage crops.

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23
Q

How does acid rain affect Japan?

A

China’s air pollution problems affect Japan which also causes acid rain that can contaminate marine life and waterways.

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24
Q

How does acid rain affect the Korean Peninsula? (North Korea and South Korea)

A

Air pollution from China and Mongolia get pushed down into the Korean Peninsula which causes acid rain. This adds to the pollution problems from emissions they have and it also worsens the pollution the ocean around the peninsula, similar to what occurs in Japan.

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25
Q

What percentage of the population of each country lives in the cities?

A

China, Mongolia, Japan: 93% of people live in urban areas

South Korea: 80% of people live in urban areas

North Korea: We don’t know since it is isolated from the rest of the world

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26
Q

What percentage of China’s workforce works in agriculture?

A

1/3%

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27
Q

What is China’s largest crop?

A

rice

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28
Q

What aborigine group makes up 2% of Taiwan’s population?

A

The Taiwanese indigenous people

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29
Q

What is a dynasty?

A

a ruling house or a continuing family of rulers

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30
Q

What dynasty unified China and joined together the Great Wall of China?

A

The Qin Dynasty

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31
Q

What ethnic group does a majority of China’s population belong to?

A

Ethnic Han Chinese

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32
Q

Why are ideograms beneficial in Chinese language? Why are they not beneficial?

A

Ideograms are beneficial because it is an easier way of communicating with other people.
They are not always beneficial because not everyone might know what they represent.

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33
Q

What is a typhoon? What causes them?

A

A typhoon is a violent tropical storm that forms in
the Pacific Ocean usually in late summer, basically a hurricane, and it’s caused when wind
blows over the sea when it’s warm.

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34
Q

What are the 3 main rivers in China?

A

Yellow River,
Xi River, and Yangtze River

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35
Q

What is loess?

A

A fine, yellowish-brownish topsoil that is made up of particles of silt and clay and is carried by wind.

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36
Q

What are the main symbols of China’s culture?

A

tea, pandas, silk, and
bamboo.

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37
Q

What is important about bamboo?

A

It is an important food source for Pandas and it is also ver hardy and versatile

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38
Q

Where is the Gobi Desert located?

A

North East China at the bottom of Mongolia

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39
Q

What was the purpose of the Three Gorges Dam?

A

It was built to supply hydroelectric power to China’s interior with its expanding population.

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40
Q

Why was the Three Gorges Dam construction controversial?

A

It was controversial because it flooded people’s homes and caused the relocation of over a million people. It has also flooded countless farms, villages, and historic temples

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41
Q

What is Daoism?

A

The belief in living simply and in harmony with nature.

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42
Q

What is Confucianism?

A

The belief in living your life under discipline and with the golden
rule.

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43
Q

What caused the damage to Fukushima’s nuclear power plant in Japan?

A

An Earthquake
which caused a tsunami.

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44
Q

Why is overfishing a problem in Japan?

A

Overfishing is a problem because it’s hurting the oceans around Japan, and its wildlife. It also reduces the fish population drastically.

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45
Q

What is the purpose of aquaculture and fishing quotas?

A

The purpose of aquaculture is the
cultivate seafood and fishing quotas are also used to help maintain the ecosystems in the
oceans healthy.

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46
Q

What is the Ring of Fire? What affect does it have on Japan?

A

The Ring of Fire is a volcanic
chain of islands in the Pacific Ocean. It affects Japan because it creates seismic activity in
Japan and can cause tsunamis. Japan is also a volcanic island.

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47
Q

What is Shintoism?

A

A religion in Japan that worships nature.

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48
Q

How many people live in Tokyo-Yokohama?

A

37 million people

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49
Q

What is the purpose of imports tariffs/ imports taxes?

A

They make imported goods much more expensive so people can use more products from their country

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50
Q

What is Haiku?

A

A concise and exact use of words and nature imagery that appeals to the senses

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51
Q

What is Origami?

A

The use of folded paper to depict the shapes of objects of nature

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52
Q

What is a shogun?

A

Military leaders that were appointed by the emperor

53
Q

What was the purpose of Samurai?

A

To protect the shogun.

54
Q

What happened during Meiji Restoration?

A

It involved the rapid modernization of the Japanese society including its government economy, military, education, and legal systems. Japan then became a modern country set on building an empire.

55
Q

What tree symbolizes Japan?

A

Cherry Blossoms

56
Q

Where is Mount Paektu located?

A

North Korea and it borders China and North Korea

57
Q

What mountain ranges separate China from Southern Asia?

A

The Himalayas

58
Q

What mountain ranges separate Mongolia and China?

A

Atlay Mountains

59
Q

Why was the DMZ created?

A

The DMZ was created to make a clear border between North
and South Korea and it is also a nature preserve.

60
Q

What is deforestation?

A

The loss or destruction of forests, mainly from logging or farming

61
Q

How does North Korea and South Korea’s physical terrain differ?

A

Both countries are very mountainous, but North Korea is more mountainous and contains highlands ans plateaus
across its northern and eastern areas. South Korea also has rocky islets.

62
Q

What crop is most important in both Norther and South Korea?

A

Rice

63
Q

What type of government exists in North Korea?

A

Communist

64
Q

What type of government exists in South Korea?

A

Democratic government with legislative, judicial, and executive branches.

65
Q

Much of Korea and Japan’s pollution comes from where?

A

China

66
Q

Why was Korea called the “hermit kingdom”?

A

Because they resisted Mongol invaders and
they were very isolated.

67
Q

What rivers are in South Korea?

A

Han River, Kume River, and the Naktong River (South Korea’s longest)

68
Q

What rivers are in North Korea?

A

Yalu River (North Korea’s longest) , Taedong River, Yesong River, Chongchon River and the Chaeryong River

69
Q

Which European Country held Hong Kong as a colony or dependent territory until 1997?

A

England

70
Q

What island off the coast of China did the nationalist government flee when China became a communist country?

A

Taiwan

71
Q

What does Korea call the Sea of Japan?

A

East Sea

72
Q

What is the Cheju Island known as?

A

Hawaii of Korea

73
Q

(Short Answer) Ring of Fire and Japan’s topography, culture, human geography.

A

The Ring of Fire consists of a chain or group of volcanic islands along the Pacific Ocean, including Japan. Japan is very mountainous and was formed by underwater seismic activity. Japan’s inhabitants have the highest life expectancy because of their diet and the idea of a teamwork-based culture. There is no poverty or slums in Japan,
and education is considered very important. Many people live in urban areas, with
more than 37 million people living in Tokyo, Hokkaido.

74
Q

(Short Answer) Problems and effects of pollution in East Asia.

A

Heavy pollution from factories
and maior industries affects all of East Asia and adds to pollution problems in
oceans, and in the air. As well as this, it adds to health condition problems, increasing the risk of cancer.

75
Q

China’s main source of power comes from what?

A

Burning coal

76
Q

Which River is known as China’s sorrow and why?

A

The Yellow River is called China’s Sorrow because of its frequent flooding, which has caused millions of deaths.

77
Q

China’s main landforms can be divided into two parts. What are they?

A

The mountains and plateaus on the west and plains and hills on east

78
Q

What are some significant features does the west side have

A

Mountains and Plateaus:
- Pamir Mountains
- Kunlun Shan (mountains)
- Tian Shan
- Taklimakan Desert
- Gobi Desert

79
Q

What are some significant features does the east side have?

A

Plains and Hills:
- Tibet
- Manchurian
- North China Plain

80
Q

What geographic features helped China stay isolated for thousands of years?

A

Deserts:
- Gobi Desert

Mountains:
- Himalaya Mountains
- Tian Shan
- Pamir mountain ranges

Rivers:
- Yellow River
- Yangtze River

81
Q

How old is Chinese culture?

A

more than 5000 years

82
Q

How did the isolation impact Chinese culture?

A

It helped to maintain traditional Chinese culture without external influences.

83
Q

What mineral resources are found in China?

A

Coal, natural gas, mercury, aluminum, gold, copper, lead, uranium, petroleum (oil), tin, iron

84
Q

What is a mandate of heaven in China?

A

the idea that there could be only one ruler of China and that they had been chosen and given blessing by the Gods

85
Q

How did the mandate of heaven help dynasties in China thrive?

A

It helped them rule for a very long time because if they disobeyed the ruler, the disobeyed the Gods

86
Q

Who was the first Communist Party leader in China?

A

Mao Zedong

87
Q

When did Mongolia adopt a democratic constitution?

A

1992

88
Q

How did the Ring of Fire contribute to the creation of Japan?

A

The islands of Japan formed in the last 15-20 million year by being thrust upward and layered by the force of the volcanic action

89
Q

How many islands are in Japan?

A

more than 6800 (14,125 islands)

90
Q

How many islands make up most of Japan’s land mass and what are they?

A

4 islands
- Hokkaido
- Honshu
- Shikoku
- Kyushu

91
Q

What is Japan’s tallest mountain peak?

A

Mount Fuji

92
Q

Where is Mount Fuji located?

A

central Honshu, Japan

93
Q

What are the longest rivers in Japan and why are they important?

A

1) The Shinano
2) The Tone
They supply Tokyo w/ drinking water

94
Q

How do monsoons affect Japan’s climate?

A

They bring either precipitation or dry air.
The cold winter monsoon drops rain or snow on the western slopes leaving the eastern region drier.
The warmer monsoon reverses this action, bringing warm rains to the eastern slopes + dry air to the west

95
Q

Why is Japan susceptible to Tsunamis and what damage do they cause?

A

Lot of earthquakes occure in Japanthe resulting Tsunamis. These tsunamis cause a lot of destruction of land + construction and death, etc.

96
Q

How much fish does Japan consume each year?

A

7.5 billion tons annually

97
Q

Emperor

A

A ruler w/ total control of a country or regio

98
Q

How has the population of urban areas in Japan contributed to living conditions in major cities?

A

It affects their lifestyles, architecture, transportation, housing, and daily activities. Crowded streets w immense skyscrapers and numerous commercial areas are located within easy walking distance of subway stations.

99
Q

What religions are practiced in Japan?

A

Shinto (Japan’s indigenous religion), Buddhism, and Christianity

100
Q

Why does the Japanese government put high import taxes on foreign products in Japan?

A

To restrict foreign sales in Japan and helps to tip the balance of trade in Japan’s favor

101
Q

How is Japan trying to plan for transportation issues in the future?

A

High speed “floating” trains

102
Q

What was the purpose of the Kyoto Protocol?

A

To reduce emission of gases that contribute to global warming

103
Q

Why does Japan have one of the longest life expectancies in the world?

A

National health insurance covers all citizens, the food they eat, and their culture.

104
Q

Why has Japan utilized nuclear energy?

A

Because of the scarcity of natural resources

105
Q

Why is wale hunting controversial?

A

Because they are harming marine life and becoming endangered

106
Q

What types of activities hurt marine life in and around Japan?

A

Commercial whaling, auctioning endangered animals, and high levels of pollution

107
Q

What is a command economy?

A

When a centralized government controls the market.

108
Q

Where is command economy practiced?

A

North Korea

109
Q

What three bodies of water surround the Korean Peninsula?

A

1) Sea of Japan
2) East China Sea
3) Korea Strait

110
Q

What different names does Korea refer to some of the bodies of water that surround the Korean Peninsula?

A

Sea of Japan: East Sea

East China Sea: West Sea

111
Q

Japan’s government protects its industry from foreign competition by imposing what?

A

High export taxes

112
Q

What mountain range is the origin for many of the major rivers in South Korea?

A

Taebaek Mountains

113
Q

What is the climate of North and South Korea?

A

Korean Peninsula: continental climate with cold winter and hot summers

North Korea: greater temperature extremes

South Korea: Humid subtropical climate

114
Q

What major issues face the North Korean population?

A

Cultural divergence, pollution, food shortages, limited rights, poor living conditions, lack of health services

115
Q

Why is it difficult to find out the economic and health conditions of North Korea citizens?

A

A shortage of physicians, equipment, and North Korea being isolated

116
Q

What types of issues has deforestation caused on the Korean Peninsula?

A

Decrease in animal populations, soil erosion, flooding, increase in average temperature, mudslides, pollution

117
Q

How is rule established currently in North Korea?

A

Through family dynasties

118
Q

What is the Korean Worker’s Party?

A

Legislative body that meets once per year for 1-2 weeks

119
Q

What is the official name of North and South Korea today?

A

North: Democratic Republic of Korea

South: Republic of Korea

120
Q

When did the Korean Peninsula divide into two separate countries?

A

Shortly after WWII

121
Q

What parallel line divides North and South Korea?

A

38th parallel line

122
Q

How and when was Buddhism and Confucianism introduced into Korea?

A

Buddhism was from China in 4AD and Confucianism came from China thousands of years ago

123
Q

Why are the major predators largely absent from the Korean Peninsula?

A

Deforestation

124
Q

Why is it water pollution problematic in a North and South Korean?

A

It had effected rivers and the ocean. The pollution damages the bodies of water and affected fish supplies and food for fish.

125
Q

What is the major industry in North Korea?

A

Producing metal products, machinery, military equipment

126
Q

What are the major industries in South Korea?

A

Textile and Light manufacturing, technology, development

127
Q

What is causing pollution in North and South Korea?

A

Factories, deforestation, drift-net fishing

128
Q

Why is drift-net fishing harmful to the environment?

A

It kills marine life and depletes the fish population

129
Q

What is the nickname of Cheju Islands?

A

Hawaii of Korea

World Geography (9th) (7 decks)

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