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Environmental Science > Earths Resources > Flashcards

Earths Resources Flashcards

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1
Q

KA1
Contains the solid parts of the earth and includes all the layers of the earths interior

A

Geosphere

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2
Q

KA1
Contains all the water found on earth and includes all three states of water (ice, liquid water and water vapour)

A

Hydrosphere

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3
Q

KA1
Contains all the gases that surround earth

A

Atmosphere

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4
Q

KA1
contains all the living things on earth, including organic matter that has not yet decomposed

A

Biosphere

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5
Q

KA1
resources that do not come directly from living things

A

Physical resources

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6
Q

KA1
resources that come directly from living things

A

Biological resources

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7
Q

KA1
resources that cannot be replaced will eventually run out

A

Non renewable resources

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8
Q

KA1
resources that can be replaced and will never run out

A

Renewable resources

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9
Q

KA2
a solid substance made up of one or more minerals

A

Rock

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10
Q

KA2
an element or compound formed during the rock cycle

A

Mineral

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11
Q

KA2
rock that forms due to the cooling of magma

A

Igneous

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12
Q

KA2
rock that forms when layers of sediment are compressed together due to pressure

A

Sedimentary

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13
Q

KA2
rock that forms due to intense heat and pressure

A

Metamorphic

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14
Q

KA2
a measure of a rocks ability to absorb water into its pore spaces

A

Porosity

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15
Q

KA2
a measure of how easily a liquid can pass through a rock

A

Permeability

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16
Q

KA2
the process of rocks being broken down by chemicals reacting with their minerals

A

Chemical weathering

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17
Q

KA2
the process of rocks being broken down due to living organisms

A

Biological weathering

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18
Q

KA2
the process of rocks being broken down due to temperature changes, wind or water

A

Physical weathering

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19
Q

KA2
the process of rocks wearing away over time

A

Erosion

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20
Q

KA2
the movement of rocks from one area to another

A

Transportation

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21
Q

KA2
The process of sediment being laid down in a new location

A

Deposition

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22
Q

KA2
The process of sediment grains being cemented together

A

Cementation

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23
Q

KA2
the process of layers of rock/sediment being pressed together

A

Compaction

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24
Q

KA2
sedimentary rock made up of calcium carbonate

A

Limestone

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25
Q

KA2
the process by which limestone is extracted from the earths crust

A

Quarrying

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26
Q

KA2
a naturally occurring solid material which metal or other valuable minerals can be extracted

A

Ore

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27
Q

KA2
the process by which ores are extracted from the earths crust

A

Mining

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28
Q

KA2
industrial process used to extract iron from ore

A

Blast furnace

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29
Q

KA2
source of carbon used during the extraction of iron

A

Coke

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30
Q

KA2
molten impurities formed during the extraction of iron

A

Slag

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31
Q

KA2
iron from the blast furnace is transformed into the important material

A

Steel

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32
Q

KA2
coal, oil and natural gas are examples of

A

Fossil fuels

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33
Q

KA2
the process used to extract coal from the earths crust

A

Mining

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34
Q

KA2
the process used to extract crude oil and natural gas from the earths crust

A

Drilling

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35
Q

KA2
the name given to the burning of fossil fuels

A

Combustion

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36
Q

KA2
the gas produced during the burning of fossil fuels

A

Carbon dioxide

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37
Q

KA2
industrial process used to extract useful products from crude oil

A

Fractional distilation

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38
Q

KA2
the property that allows crude oil to be seperated into fractions

A

Boling point

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39
Q

KA2
fraction of crude oil that is used as a fuel for bbq’s and camping stoves

A

Fuel gas

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40
Q

KA2
Fraction of crude oil that is used as fuel for cars

A

Petrol

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41
Q

KA2
Fraction of crude oil that is used to produce plastics

A

Naptha

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42
Q

KA2
fraction of crude oil that is used as a fuel for aeroplanes

A

Kerosene

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43
Q

KA2
Fraction of crude oil that is used as a fuel for vans, trains and buses

A

Diesel

44
Q

KA2
fraction of crude oil that is used as to lubricate machinery

A

Fuel oils

45
Q

KA2
fraction of crude oil that is used for tarring roads

A

Bitumen

46
Q

KA3
the process of carbon dioxide being converted into a food source in plants

A

Photosynthesis

47
Q

KA3
the provess of carbon dioxide in plants, animals and decomposers being converted into carbon dioxide

A

Respiration

48
Q

KA3
The process of carbon stores moving along the food chain

A

Feeding

49
Q

KA3
the process of dead remains and waste products being broken down

A

Decomposition

50
Q

KA3
name given to organisms responsible for breaking down dead remains

A

Decomposers

51
Q

KA3
the process of dead remains being converted into fossil fuels

A

Fossilisation

52
Q

KA3
The conditions required for fossil fuels to form from dead remains

A

Anaerobic

53
Q

KA3
the process of fossil fuels burning to release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere

A

Combustion

54
Q

KA3
this process allows magma to release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere

A

Volcanic eruptions

55
Q

KA3
the process of acid rainwater breaking down rocks

A

Chemical weathering

56
Q

KA3
when carbon and calcium in the oceans combine to form rocks

A

Limestone formation

57
Q

KA3
name given to a long-term carbon store

A

Carbon sink

58
Q

KA4
water that occupies pore spaces in soil and rocks

A

Groundwater

59
Q

KA4
Process of liquid water into water vapour

A

Evaporation

60
Q

KA4
process of water vapour turning into liquid water

A

Condensation

61
Q

KA4
process of water falling from the aur as rain, snow or sleet

A

Precipitation

62
Q

KA4
the evaporation of water from plants

A

Transpiration

63
Q

KA4
the movement of water across the surface of the ground

A

Run-off

64
Q

KA4
The movement of water through soil

A

Infiltration

65
Q

KA4
the horizontal movement of water through soil

A

Throughflow

66
Q

KA4
the movement of water through soil due to gravity

A

Percolation

67
Q

KA4
the horizontal movement of groundwater

A

Groundwater flow

68
Q

KA4
use of water in agriculture

A

Irrigating crops

69
Q

KA4
domestic use of water

A

Showering

70
Q

KA4
use of water in industry

A

Diluting chemicals

71
Q

KA4
when demand for water is greater than the supply of water received

A

Water deficit

72
Q

KA4
when demand for water is lower than the supply of water received

A

Water surplus

73
Q

KA4
consequence of water surplus

A

Flooding

74
Q

KA4
consequence of water deficit

A

Drought

75
Q

KA4
agency that helps to maintain our waste quality and protects against floods

A

SEPA

76
Q

KA5
use of nitrogen gas

A

Food preservation

77
Q

KA5
use of oxygen gas

A

Aerobic respiration

78
Q

KA5
gases found in the earths atmosphere that trap the suns energy

A

Greenhouse gases

79
Q

KA5
gas that is produced by the evaporation of seas, oceans, rivers, etc

A

Water vapour

80
Q

KA5
gas that is produced by plant and animal respiration

A

Carbon dioxide

81
Q

KA5
gas that is produced by volcanic eruptions and hot springs

A

Sulfur dioxide

82
Q

KA5
gas produced by the microbes in the soil and ocean

A

Nitrous oxide

83
Q

KA5
gas produced by ocean vents and permafrost

A

Methane

84
Q

KA5
machine used to generate electricity from wind

A

Wind turbine

85
Q

KA5
energy change that takes place when producing energy from wind

A

Kinetic energy - electrical energy

86
Q

KA5
requirement for placing a wind farm that ensures electricity is easily transported

A

Close to national grid

87
Q

KA5
requirement for placing a wind farm that ensures strong and steady wind flow

A

Exposed site

88
Q

KA5
requirement for placing a wind farm that ensures turbines can be easily constructed

A

Close to main roads

89
Q

KA5
advantage of wind power

A

No pollution

90
Q

KA5
disadvantage of wind power

A

Eyesore and noisy

91
Q

KA5
process where radiation from reflected from the earths surface is absorbed by gases in the atmosphere and prevented from escaping, helping to keep the earth warmer than it would be otherwise

A

Natural greenhouse effect

92
Q

KA6
resources that are obtained from the earth

A

Terrestrial resources

93
Q

KA6
resources that can be used to ibtain milk, meat, wool, eggs, etc

A

Livestock

94
Q

KA6
resources that can be used as a source of wood

A

Timber

95
Q

KA6
resource that is used as a food source

A

Crops

96
Q

KA6
resource that is used as a source of metal

A

Ores

97
Q

KA6
resources that are obtained from water sources

A

Oceanic resources

98
Q

KA6
resource that is used in skin care, as a food source, and as a biofuel

A

Seaweed

99
Q

KA6
resource that is used for gritting roads, as a food preservation and as a seasoning

A

Salt

100
Q

KA6
the process used to extract salt from seawater

A

Desalination

101
Q

KA6
resource that is used as a food source

A

Fish

102
Q

KA6
the mass of living or recentoy living plants and animals

A

Biomass

103
Q

KA6
combustible biomass or fuels that have been derived from biomass

A

Biofuels

104
Q

KA6
name given to any flamable gas of biological origin

A

Biogas

105
Q

KA6
process that can be used to form some biofuels

A

Fermentation

Environmental Science (3 decks)

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