earths geological resources review Flashcards
use the steps in figure two to figure out which statement correctly explain explains how metamorphic rocks like marble are formed
a. rocks break down into smaller pieces and are deposited into magma creating unique designs in new rocks
b. high temperatures and pressure transform existing rock into metamorphic rock
c. the earths interior melts existing rocks back into magma which then cool to become metamorphic rock
d. extreme temperature differences caused by freezing and melting change the materials in rock
b. high temperatures and pressure transform existing rock into metamorphic rock
using figures two and three determine which system interaction best explains the formation of glowing zinc deposits found at the sterling hill mine
a. living organisms like shell forming creatures contributed to the formation of the minerals which later glow under ultraviolet light
b. heat from earths interior and ocean processes caused zinc to be deposited in limestone which later changed into marble
c. wind and water erosion exposed the deposits overtime allowing the minerals to interact with sunlight
d. ultraviolet light interacts with the zinc materials causing them to emit visible light as a chemical reaction
b. heat from earths interior and ocean processes caused zinc to be deposited in limestone which later changed into marble
slater is visiting sterling hill mine and wants to watch crystals form. can slater watch the crystals for him in real time?
a. no because figure two shows that crystal formation requires energy from earths interior to drive processes that form crystals which can take millions of years
b. partially because figure two shows that energy from earth and interior can create conditions for crystals to form rapidly near the surface when lava cools
c. partially because figure three shows that slater might see sediment setting within a few hours but larger crystals seen in figure one require extended cooling times
d. yes because figure one shows that energy from earth interior causes rapid cooling underground which allows crystals to form within a few hours
a. no because figure two shows that crystal formation requires energy from earths interior to drive processes that form crystals which can take millions of years
which of the models correctly illustrates how Sterling mine was formed
a. model one because it shows how energy from the earths interior created limestone over a short time and was then rapidly heated by magma
b. model one because it shows how energy from the earths interior turned the sedimentary limestone rock into metamorphic rock over a long time
c. model two because it shows how energy from earths interior formed rocks quickly and energy from the sun caused minerals to slowly seep into the mine
d. model two because it explains how minerals were quickly deposited into the metamorphic rocks over a short time
b. model one because it shows how energy from the earths interior turned the sedimentary limestone rock into metamorphic rock over a long time
using information from the figures and your knowledge of earths systems explain how the glowing zinc deposits formed in the sterling hill mine. In your response, be sure to include the following:
-processes that led to the formation of the glowing zinc deposits
-the role of earths energy in creating the deposits
-how earths systems interact(earths heat, rock formation, etc) to form the minerals
-how long each process took(weeks, hundreds of years, thousands of years, millions of years, etc)
pressure letter to the formation of the glowing zinc deposits. plate movement causes the pressure. heat from earth an interior forms metamorphic rocks. this process takes thousands of years.
when granite melts and then solidifies it becomes
a. a sedimentary rock
b. an igneous rock
c. a metamorphic rock
d. sediments
b. an igneous rock
which statement about the rock cycle is not true
a. cementation is a process that leads to sedimentary rocks
b. when heat is applied to a rock and it melts it may form a metamorphic rock
c. a sedimentary rock in the future may change into another type of sedimentary rock
d. solidification is always needed to form an igneous rock
b. when heat is applied to a rock and it melts it may form a metamorphic rock
a primary difference between sedimentary rocks and non sedimentary rocks is that
a. non sedimentary rocks contain an abundance of fossils
b. non sedimentary rocks originate in regions of great heat and/or pressure
c. sedimentary rocks usually make up most mountains
d. sedimentary rocks are formed at plate boundaries
b. non sedimentary rocks originate in regions of great heat and/or pressure
andesite is a type of rock that forms from the process of
a. solidification deep within the Earth b. solidification close to the Earth’s surface
c. erosion of sediments than became cemented together
d. being subjected to much heat and pressure without melting
b. solidification close to the Earth’s surface
a large exposed formation of gabbro was primarily formed by
a. metamorphism of layered sandstone
b. solidification of magma
c. compaction of precipitated gypsum
d. cementation of sediments
b. solidification of magma
the precipitation of the mineral halite would form a layer of
a. limestone
b. coal
c. rock salt
d. dolostone
c. rock salt
which statement is best supported by bowens reaction series
a. all igneous rocks crystallize at the same temperature
b. felsic igneous rocks crystallize before mafic igneous rocks
c. muscovite mica and quartz are the last two minerals to crystallize as magma cools
d. pyroxene crystallizes out before olivine
c. muscovite mica and quartz are the last two minerals to crystallize as magma cools
as magma cools from 1400°C to 650°C the composition changes from a. being felsic to being intermediate b. being mafic to felsic
c. being intermediate to ultramafic
d. being ultramafic to felsic
d. being ultramafic to felsic
what mineral would have the most calcium atoms in its composition if crystallized out at a high temperature
a. olivine
b. plagioclase feldspar
c. potassium feldspar
d. amphibole
b. plagioclase feldspar
of the following minerals which one would most likely be found in the composition of granite
a. muscovite mica
b. olivine
c. pyroxene
d. ca-rich plagioclase feldspar
a. muscovite mica
make a claim of what sedimentary formed at layer x
coal form that letter x
provide evidence from the diagram that supports that coal formed at layer x
there is peat(slowly decaying organisms) there
identify one process that formed the rock salt beds from the shallow inland seas that covered parts of new york state
one process is water evaporation
potassium (k) feldspar would crystallize out at what approximate temperature
a.1300°c
b. 850°c
c. 1100°c
d. 600°c
b. 850°c
as magma cools which igneous rock composition would crystallize out first
a. ultramafic
b. mafic
c. 50% mafic and 50% felsic
d. felsic
a. ultramafic
which statement about mafic rocks is best supported by bowens reaction series
a. they are light in color and crystallize out at high temperature
b. they are light in color and crystallize out at a low temperature
c. they are dark in color and crystallize out at a high temperature
d. they are dark in color and crystallize out at a low temperature
c. they are dark in color and crystallize out at a high temperature
which is the best supporting statement concerning rhyolite
a. it is a light color sedimentary felsic rock
b. it is a light color metamorphic felsic rock
c. it is a light color extrusive felsic igneous rock
d. it is a dark color intrusive mafic igneous rock
c. it is a light color extrusive felsic igneous rock
which two minerals would be found in an ultramafic igneous rock
a. quartz and plagioclase feldspar
b. amphibole and pyroxene
c. olivine and potassium (k) feldspar
d. olivine and pyroxene
d. olivine and pyroxene
the photograph shows an igneous rock with large mineral crystals. the rock composition is 44% potassium feldspar 40% quartz 11% amphibole and 5% muscovite. the unknown rock is:
a. granite
b. basalt
c. andesite
d. peridotite
a. granite
the rock is relatively light in color. this indicates that it is:
a. mafic in composition with a high percentage of silica
b. mafic in composition with a high percentage of magnesium
c. felsic in composition with a high percentage of potassium
d. felsic in composition with a high percentage of magnesium
c. felsic in composition with a high percentage of potassium
as basalt weathers a high percentage of what two minerals would be released to the ground
a. iron and magnesium
b. magnesium and potassium
c. silica and calcium
d. silica and magnesium
a. iron and magnesium
which igneous rock has a fine-grained texture and would have a mineral composition of 55% plagioclase feldspar,
38% amphibole 5% pyroxene and 2% biotite
a. granite
b. gabbro
c. andesite
d. komatiite
c. andesite
which igneous rock formed from lava that cooled rapidly and is composed of 5% plagioclase feldspar 15% of pyroxene and 80% olivine
a. rhyolite
b. basalt
c. diorite
d. komatiite
d. komatiite
an igneous rock is a dark-color rock that formed when a lava cooled and solidified quickly. this igneous rock is:
a. intrusive with a large crystal texture and having a felsic composition
b. intrusive with a small crystal texture and having a mafic composition
c. extrusive with a large crystal texture and having a felsic composition
d. extrusive with a small crystal texture and having a mafic composition
d. extrusive with a small crystal texture and having a mafic composition
