Earthquakes / volcanoes Flashcards

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1
Q

Ring of Fire

A

Major volcanic events that have occurred within the Ring of Fire since 1800 included the eruptions of Mount Tambora in 1815

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2
Q

S-waves

A

A seismic wave that causes particles of rock to move in a side-to-side direction.

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3
Q

Strike-slip fault

A

blocks of crust slide horizontally past each other

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4
Q

Normal Fault

A

blocks of crust are pulled away from each other slide along normal faults

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5
Q

Reverse fault

A

Blocks of crust that are pushed together slide along reverse faults

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6
Q

Epicenter

A

The point of the Earth’s surface the Earthquake’s focus

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7
Q

Focus

A

The point along a fault at which the first motion of an earthquake occurs

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8
Q

Richter magnitude scale

A

Measures the strength of an earthquake

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9
Q

explosive volcano

A

the eruption, clouds of hot debris, ash, and gas rapidly shoot out of a volcano

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10
Q

non-explosive volcano

A

Can occur on land and in the sea, also the most common type of explosion. Produces relatively calm flows of lava

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11
Q

mid-ocean ridge

A

a long undersea mountain chain that forms along the floor of the major oceans

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12
Q

Krakatoa

A

In August 1883, the eruption of the main island of Krakatoa (or Krakatau) killed more than 36,000 people

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13
Q

Yellowstone supervolcano

A

The Island Park Caldera supereruption, 2.1 million years ago, produced the Huckleberry Ridge Tuff,

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14
Q

hot spot

A

a volcanically active area of Earth’s surface far from a tectonic plate boundary

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15
Q

shield volcanoes

A

built of layers of lava released from repeated nonexplosive eruptions. The lava is very runny, forming not steep but enormous.

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16
Q

cinder cone volcanoes

A

Made up of pyroclastic material usually produced from moderately explosive eruptions. These are small but steep

17
Q

composite volcanoes

A

Form from explosive eruptions of pyroclastic material, followed by quieter flows of lava. These two things alternate between layers of the volcano

18
Q

Mt. Vesuvius

A

Its most famous eruption took place in the year 79 A.D. when the volcano buried the ancient Roman city of Pompeii under a thick carpet of volcanic ash

19
Q

San Andres Fault

A

An example of an earthquake zone