earthquake volc anoi Flashcards
Ring Of Fire
movement, collision and destruction of lithospheric plates under and around the Pacific Ocean
Strike slip fault
fault in which rock strata are displaced mainly in a horizontal direction, parallel to the line of the fault.
Normal fault
inclined fractures where the blocks have mostly shifted vertically.
Reverse fault
wide range of dip angles. Reverse faults with low dips exhibit a sinuous surface expression over hilly to flat terrain
P-waves
one of the two main types of elastic body waves, called seismic waves in seismology
S-waves
type of elastic wave and are one of the two main types of elastic body waves, so named because they move through the body of an object
epicenter
epicenter of an earthquake lies over the center or “focus” of the quake
Focus
the center of interest or activity
Richter magnitude scale
measure of the strength of earthquakes
explosive volcano
Volcanic eruption of the most violent type
nonexplosive volcano
most common type of volcanic eruptions. These eruptions produce relatively calm flows of lava in huge amounts.
Krakatoa
caldera in the Sunda Strait between the islands of Java and Sumatra in the Indonesian province of Lampung
Yellowstone supervolcano
region of significant geological activity beneath Yellowstone National Park
San Andreas fault
continental transform fault that extends roughly 1,200 kilometers (750 mi) through California
Mid-oceanic ridge
seafloor mountain system formed by plate tectonics
shield volcano
type of volcano named for its low profile, resembling a warrior’s shield lying on the ground
cinder cone volcano
steep-sided conical volcano
composite volcano
conical volcano built up by many layers (strata) of hardened lava and tephra.
hot spot
hotspot is an area of the Earth’s mantle from which hot plumes rise upward
Mt. Vesuvius
Mount Vesuvius in Campania, Italy: Geology; Age of rock: 25,000 years before present to 1944; age of volcano
