Earthquake examples Flashcards
San Andreas 1989
Oct 17th 1989 Lama Preita @ epicentre 5.04 - on roads = vulnerable 63 died 3757 injured 12,000 homeless Cyprus Freeway 1.5m elevated section collapsed 47 died Marina District = anomaly rich suffering
1906 San Andreas
3000 killed
Unconsidated material - liquefaction
BUT Cyprus freeway still built on land
Ignoring potential vulnerability
Haiti
W part of island Hispanida Dominican E Conservative plate boundary Caribbean + N American Epicentre 25km SW Port au Prince Shallow focus
Why were Haiti more vulnerable???
No building codes
No police or emergency services
86% port au prince in slums
History of corrupt gov
Location
Previous hurricanes = still recovering
2010 Haiti earthquake
12th Jan 2010
Not big quake but poor country
History of hurricanes 4 2008 = 800 died still recovering
200,000 killed
Month after quake, 8.8 Chile only 800 died
Operated in top down way didn’t know needs
Cholera as no sewage disposal system
Sexual attacks girls more vulnerable
Christchurch, NZ
MEDC
Small pop 4.4m
Wealthy - geonet less vulnerable
Pacific ring of fire
Pacific with W/Indo Australian 2010 caused major hope + alpine fault lines
Feb 2011 aftershock fault line unknown
Prepared BUT shallow focus, buildings already weakened, city crowded
10,000 homes + buildings
Liquefaction - schools closed down
70,000 fled but likely to lose 10,000 through out migration
Kobe, SE Japan
MEDC
17th jan 1995
Most people asleep
N Philippines beneath Eurasian = new fault line Armia-Takatsuki previously unknown
103,500 buildings + 20% usable in CBD
6300 deaths + 35,000 injuries NAGATA WARD
Run down by SUBURBANISATION
timber houses with heavy roofs badly built
Older and poor more vulnerable
Poor response 5 hr delay
San Andreas Fault
W coast America San Francisco
N American and Pacific plate
700 miles
20,000 tremors/yr
