Earth Systems

Question 1

Atmosphere

Answer 1

The gases that are surrounding the earth.

Question 1

Abiotic

Answer 1

The non-living things in a ecosystem

Question 2

What are gases that make up the earths atmosphere

Answer 2

78% nitrogen
21% oxygen
0.94% argon
0.04% greenhouse gases

Question 3

Layers of the atmosphere

Answer 3

1. Troposphere
2. Stratosphere
3. Mesosphere
4. Thermosphere

Question 4

What is Troposphere composed of

Answer 4

Nitrogen, Oxygen, Argon and carbon dioxide

Question 5

What is the Stratosphere composed of

Answer 5

Composed of ozone

Question 6

What is the mesosphere composed of

Answer 6

where metors are found

Question 7

What is the thermosphere composed of

Answer 7

where satellites and space shuttles are found.

Question 8

What is Salinty

Answer 8

Rate/amount of salt

Question 9

What is ground water

Answer 9

Water present underneath earth’s surface in rock and soil pore spaces and in the fractures of rock formations

Question 10

Water vapour

Answer 10

• Gas form of water
• Most visible as clouds and fog
• Most abundant greenhouse gas in the atmosphere

Question 11

Liquid water

Answer 11

• 4 billion years ago, Earths temperature decreased
• Decrease in temperature caused water vapour in atmosphere to become liquid – forming oceans on earths surface.
• Can be freshwater or saltwater (marine)
• Found as oceans, rivers, lakes and groundwater

Question 12

Ice

Answer 12

• Solid form of water
• Has its own name – The Cryosphere
• Includes glaciers, ice caps and icebergs.
• Literally anything made from ice

Question 13

Abiotic factors in the hydrosphere

Answer 13

• Dissolved oxygen concentration
• pH level
• Water temperature
• Turbidity (particles in water)
• Availability of sunlight.
• Nutrient concentration
• Rate of water flow
• Salinity (Rate/amount of salt)

Question 14

The Biosphere

Answer 14

Sum of all ecosystems on Earth
Made up of the parts of earth where life exists
Can be found within all other Earth spheres

Question 15

Biotic

Answer 15

Living things within an ecosystem

Question 16

Crust

Answer 16

20 to 80 kilometers thick
Made up of valleys trenches, mountains and volcanos.
Composed of tectonic plates

Question 17

Cryosphere

Question 18

Greenhouse gas

Question 19

Tectonic plate

Answer 19

Large sections of the earths crust that shifts over time
Molten rocks in upper mantle flows, moving plates slowly
this has changed land masses over millions of years.

Question 20

Upper mantle

Answer 20

Extends from below the crust to 410 km towards the earths core
Composed of mostly silicon, oxygen, magnesium, and iron.
mostly molten and flowing.

Question 21

The lithosphere

Answer 21

The solid, outer part of the Earth, including the crust and upper mantle

Question 22

Food chain

Answer 22

Food chains are the movement of energy throughout an ecosystem from who gets eaten and whose the eater

Question 23

Food web

Answer 23

A graph of showing who is actually eating who and how it comes full circle

Question 24

Herbivore

Answer 24

Only eat plants

Question 25

Carnivore

Answer 25

Only eat meat

Question 26

Omnivore

Answer 26

Eats both plants and meat

Question 27

Producer

Answer 27

Producers make their own energy, they don’t have to eat anything to gain energy

Question 28

Tertiary consumers

Answer 28

Tertiary consumers eat the secondary consumers, this is sometimes the apex predator.

Question 28

Primary consumer

Answer 28

Primary consumers are the animals that eat the producers, most the time herbivores

Question 28

Decomposer

Answer 28

Decomposers break down dead or decaying matter

Question 28

Consumer

Answer 28

Consumers eat other organisims

Question 28

Trophic level

Answer 28

1st level is the producer
2nd level is the primary consumers
3rd level is the secondary consumer
4th is the apex predator

Question 29

Quaternary consumers

Answer 29

Quaternary consumers eat the tertiary consumers, this is usually the apex predator

Question 29

Secondary consumers

Answer 29

Secondary consumers eat the primary consumers