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Periodical Test 1 - Serenity > Earth Science > Flashcards

Earth Science Flashcards

1
Q

What geological process occur when a denser plate goes under a less dense plate

A

Subduction

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2
Q

natural geologic phenomena that are caused by the sudden movement of large volume of rocks

A

Earthquake

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3
Q

type of earthquake that is caused by the movement along faults and plate boundaries

A

Tectonic

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4
Q

type of earthquake caused by a volcanic activity

A

Volcanic

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5
Q

Faults are horizontally positioned. True or False.

A

True

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6
Q

point where the earthquake begins

A

Focus

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7
Q

the point directly above the focus

A

Epicenter

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8
Q

rupture or slippage along the fractures of Earth’s crust

A

Fault

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9
Q

study of earthquakes and seismic waves

A

Seismology

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10
Q

produced by the release of energy; all directions from the focus

A

Seismic waves

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11
Q

2 types of seismic waves

A

Body waves and Surface waves

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12
Q

faster types of waves that goes beneath the surface

A

Body waves

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13
Q

waves that go below or around the surface

A

Surface Waves

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14
Q

fastest wave that can travel through solid, liquid, and gasses

A

P waves (Primary waves)

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15
Q

Primary waves are also known as

A

compressional waves

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16
Q

slower waves that can only travel through solids

A

S waves (Secondary waves)

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17
Q

S waves are also known as

A

shear waves

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18
Q

rolling waves

A

R waves (Rayleigh Waves)

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19
Q

waves that have side-to-side movement and most damaging

A

L waves (Love waves)

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20
Q

the measure of the earthquake’s size

A

Magnitude

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21
Q

the degree of shaking; decreases with distance from the epicenter

A

Intensity

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22
Q

method used to find the epicenter of an earthquake

A

Triangulation Method

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23
Q

distribution of mountain ranges are described as

A

not randomly distributed

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24
Q

distribution of volcanoes are

A

randomly distributed

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25
Q

distribution of earthquake epicenters are

A

randomly distributed

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26
Q

apparatus to measure and record vibrations of the earth

A

Seismograph

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27
Q

areas where volcanoes, mountain ranges, and epicenters are located

A

Seismic Zones

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28
Q

the theory is that the Earth’s Lithosphere is divided into so-called tectonic plates

A

Plate Tectonics Theory

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29
Q

this is theorized to move on top of the Asthetnosphere

A

Plate Tectonics/Tectonic PLates

30
Q

region around much of the rim of the pacific plate where many volcanic eruptions and earthquake occur

A

Pacific Ring of Fire

31
Q

lines at the edges of the different places of the lithosphere

A

Plate Boundaries

32
Q

transform boundary found in California

A

San Andreas Fault

33
Q

most geologically active fault in the philippines

A

West valley fault

34
Q

West Valley Fault are also known as

A

Marikina Fault Line

35
Q

type of plate boundary where two plates slide past each other

A

Transform

36
Q

type of plate boundary where two plates moves towards one another

A

Convergent boundary

37
Q

Convergent boundary are also known as

A

Reverse fault or Destructive Boundary

38
Q

type of plate boundary where two plates move away from each other

A

Divergent

39
Q

Divergent Boundary are also known as

A

Normal fault or Constructive BOundary

40
Q

thinnest and outermost layer of the earth

A

Crust

41
Q

lower crust and upper mantle; capable of flowing like semi-liquid

A

Lithosphere

42
Q

what is the movement in the Earth’s mantle that causes the plates to move

A

convection current

43
Q

special feature of the mantle where tectonic plates are moving and located

A

Asthenosphere

44
Q

movement of heated material as a result of differences in density

A

convection

45
Q

strong lower part of the mantle

A

Mesosphere

46
Q

Mantle is made of what elements

A

Mg, O, Si, Fe

47
Q

made up of molten or liqiuid Iron and Nickel

A

Outer Core

48
Q

made up of solid Iron and Nickel

A

Inner core

49
Q

the inner core stays solid despite of hot temperature because of a phenomena called

A

pressure freezing

50
Q

cause of plate movement which is described as a warm mantle current drive and carry the plates along the conveyer belt in a circular motion

A

Mantle Convection Current

51
Q

cause of plate movement where there is a buoyant force; ability to float

A

Ridge Push

52
Q

cause of plate movement where subduction process where the denser plate goes below the less dense pkate

A

Slab Pull

53
Q

the theory that all continents were once part of a single landmass

A

Continental Drift Theory

54
Q

supercontinent that is believed to be one single landmass before the continental drift

A

Pangaea

55
Q

proposed a theory that all continents were one part of a single landmass

A

Alfred Wegener

56
Q

type of crust which is denser

A

oceanic crust

57
Q

oceanic crust is denser because of

A

basalt

58
Q

continental crust is made up of

A

granite

59
Q

thicker crust

A

continental crust

60
Q

what does sonar use to measure the depth of water

A

Sound waves

61
Q

the longer the sound waves take back, the less deep the water is. True or FALSE.

A

False

62
Q

rocks are _____ at mid-ocean ridge

A

younger

63
Q

the distance the crust from the ridge the _____ increases

A

age of the crust

64
Q

_____ rocks are thinner at the ridge

A

Sediment/Sedimentary

65
Q

rocks at the oceanic floor is ______ than continents

A

younger

66
Q

who proposed the theory of seafloor spreading

A

Harry Hess and Robert Dietz

67
Q

most important fossil plant that proves the continent is drifting

A

Glossopetris

68
Q

shaped the pacific floor using sonar

A

Harry Hess

69
Q

three theory evidences that the plates are moving

A

Continental Drift, Seafloor spreading, Magnetic reversal

70
Q

waves that moves up and down

A

surface waves

71
Q

deepest geological feature

A

tench

Periodical Test 1 - Serenity (3 decks)

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