Earth Chemistry: Energy and Changes in Matter

Question 1

Matter can be changed __________ or __________

Answer 1

Physically

Chemically

Question 2

Four examples of physical change would be _______, _______, _______, or _________.

Answer 2

Bending
Cutting
Melting
Polishing

Question 3

A chemical change is:

Answer 3

When matter changes into a different type of matter.

Question 4

_____ ______ is a type of physical change

Answer 4

Phase

Change

Question 5

_____, ______, ___ are forms of a substance called phase changes.

Answer 5

Solid
Liquid
Gas

Question 6

At temperatures and pressures on the earth, nearly all matter exists in either the _____, ______, or ___

Answer 6

Solid
Liquid
Gas

Question 7

The particles in a solid _______ but are held in _____ _________.

Answer 7

Vibrate
Fixed
Position

Question 8

A solid has a definite _____ and ______

Answer 8

Shape

Volume

Question 9

The particles in a liquid:

Answer 9

Touch each other, but are free to move around

Question 10

Liquids have a definite ______ but not a definite _____

Answer 10

Volume

Shape

Question 11

Liquids take the shape of their __________.

Answer 11

Containers

Question 12

The particles in a gas:

Answer 12

Move rapidly, staying far apart

Question 13

Gas will

Answer 13

Fill whatever space is available

Question 14

A gas has neither a definite _____ nor a definite _____.

Answer 14

Shape

Volume

Question 15

______ is made under extreme temperatures

Answer 15

Plasma

Question 16

Plasma is made of ____ _________ and _______ ____.

Answer 16

Free
Electrons
Charged
Ions

Question 17

Two things made from plasma that we observe are ________ and the _____.

Answer 17

Lighting

Stars

Question 18

For a substance to change from one phase to another, the ________________________________________.

Answer 18

Movement of its particles must change

Question 19

To initiate this change, ___ or remove energy by changing the __________ or the ________.

Answer 19

Add
Temperature
Pressure

Question 20

The temperature of a substance is really a _________________________________________.

Answer 20

Measure of its particles’ energy of movement, or kinetic energy

Question 21

Pressure changes can also cause a phase change because pressure exerts _______________________.

Answer 21

A force on particles

Question 22

Adding energy can change a solid to a _______ to a ___.

Answer 22

Liquid

Gas

Question 23

Removing energy can change a gas to a _______ to a _____.

Answer 23

Liquid

Solid

Question 24

A chemical reaction is another name for a _________

______.

Answer 24

Chemical

Change

Question 25

Chemical reactions occur constantly in ___________________,
_____________________,
__________________, and ____________________.

Answer 25

Earth’s atmosphere
The ocean
Rocks and soil
Our body

Question 26

_________: On the left side of a chemical equation are starting materials.

Answer 26

Reactants

Question 27

_________: The arrow means produces. It shows the direction of the change.

Answer 27

Yield Sign

Question 28

_________: New substances formed in a chemical reaction.

Answer 28

Products

Question 29

During a chemical reaction, energy can be released in the form of ____ or _____.

Answer 29

Heat

Light

Question 30

____ is the visible effect of the process of combustion -
a special type of chemical reaction. It occurs between oxygen in the air and some sort of fuel. The products from the chemical reaction are completely different from the starting material.

Answer 30

Fire

Question 31

_____________ are made of 60 carbon atoms linked together to form a structure shaped like a hollow soccer ball.

Answer 31

Buckyballs

Question 32

Buckyballs can be used as _______________.

Answer 32

Superconductors

Question 33

Superconductors let electricity flow with ______ __________.

Answer 33

Little

Resistance