Earth Chemistry Flashcards
Define Matter.
Anything that takes up space.
What are the 4 phases of matter? Describe them.
Solid-Arranged in regular repeating patterns
Liquid-Flow easily around one another
Gas-Fly in all directions
Plasma-atoms lose electrons
What happens when the quantity of protons changes?
The element changes.
What happens when the quantity of neutrons changes?
The isotope of the element changes.
What happens when the quantity of electrons changes?
The charge changes. If an electron is added the charge is negative. If an electron is subtracted the charge is positive.
Describe Valence electrons and their significance.
Valence electrons are the outermost electrons. They determine how an atom will bond.
What are groups on a periodic table?
Groups are the vertical columns. These elements are in the same family. They have similar chemical and physical properties.
What are periods on a periodic table?
Periods are the horizontal rows. Each element in a period has the same number of shells.
What are the 2 types of properties of a substance?
Physical and Chemical.
Define Ion.
A particle that carries a charge.
Define Isotope.
When 1 of two or more elements have the same number of protons but not neutrons.
Define Molecule.
Made up of atoms that are chemically bonded together.
Define Compound.
A chemical bond between atoms of elements.
Define Bonds.
Attraction between atoms.
Define Homogenous mixture.
Having the same composition through out.
