Earth and Space Science - Heat

Question 1

What are ways heat is produced?

Answer 1

Sunlight, friction, electricity, burning of fossil fuels, and physical activity.

Question 2

How does sunlight produce heat?

Answer 2

The sun warms the earth as the rays fall, and is the primary source of heat and light for the earth.

Question 3

How does friction produce heat?

Answer 3

When two objects rub together, this produces friction, which is the force that opposes motion between objects that are touching each other.

Question 4

How does electricity produce heat?

Answer 4

When particles (electrons, atoms, etc) collide and create a resistance, resulting in the output of heat and electrical energy.

Question 5

How does the burning of fossil fuels create heat?

Answer 5

Through the process of the fuels undergoing chemical changes, which release heat during nthe burning process.

Question 6

How does physical activity create heat?

Answer 6

When your body burns carbohydrates and fats through chemical reactions, and as your muscles are working they produce heat, and your blood absorbs this heat and distributes it to your organs.

Question 7

What is the difference between heat and temperature?

Answer 7

Heat is thermal energy transferred between objects, measeured in Joules, and temperature is the amount of heat of and object’s particles, measured either in Celsious of Fahrenheit.

Question 8

What happens when you add or take away heat from an object?

Answer 8

When you add heat, particles move faster, and when you take away heat, the opposite occurs.

Question 9

What are some important temperatures?

Answer 9

Room - 18-22 degrees Celsius
Water (freezing point) - 0 degrees Celsius
Water (boiling point) - 100 degrees celsius
Body Temp - 37.5 degrees Celsius

Question 10

What are particles like in solids?

Answer 10

They are rigid and in an orderly manner, closer to each other, with strong attractive forces, and they vibrate in place.

Question 11

What are particles like in liquids?

Answer 11

They are inconsistent in shape, and are farther apart and can mover faster compared to a solid, with semi-weak attractive forces.

Question 12

What are particles like in gases?

Answer 12

They are inconsistent in shape, very far apart, and can move faster than a liquid, with very weak attractive forces.

Question 13

How does heat affect the volume of solids?

Answer 13

It makes the particles increase in speed and become less organized, and by these spaces increasing, the volume also increases.

Question 14

How does heat affect the volume of liquids?

Answer 14

It makes them move quicker and increases the distance because molecular bonds are less than a solids’.

Question 15

How does heat affect the volume of gases?

Answer 15

It causes them to move very fast and increases the already large distance between particles.

Question 16

What are the three way heat can get transferred?

Answer 16

Conduction, convection, and radiation.

Question 17

What is conduction and where can it be found in nature?

Answer 17

Conduction is when heat moves between objects in direct contact with each other, and it is found primarily in the sun in nature.

Question 18

What is the difference between insulators and conductors?

Answer 18

Insulators absorb and transfer heat badly, whereas conductory transfer heat quickly.

Question 19

What is convection and where can it be found in nature?

Answer 19

Convection is when heat moves from a warm area to a cool one through the movement of liquid and gases, and in nature it is found in air currents.

Question 20

What is radiation, where is it found in nature?

Answer 20

Radiation is when heat emitted from one object comes in contact with another, which absorbs it, and it nature it is found when the sun comes to the earth in electromagnetic waves.

Question 21

What is the Greenhouse Effect?

Answer 21

The warming of the atmosphere due to greenhouse gases.

Question 22

What are common greenhouse gases and what do they do?

Answer 22

Methane, nitrous oxide, water vapor, fluorinated gas, and carbon dioxide. They trap radiation emitted by the earth and stop it from escaping.

Question 23

What technologies are used to reduce heat loss?

Answer 23

Insulated clothing, insulated homes, green roofs, and energy efficient buildings.