Earth and Space MTA Flashcards
What is molten rock inside a volcano called?
Magma
What is molten rock outside a volcano called?
Lava
Name the group of rocks formed by sediments falling to the bottom of the sea.
Sedimentary rocks
Name the group of rocks formed by volcanic activity.
Igneous rocks
Name the group of rocks made under specific condition of heat and pressure.
Metamorphic rocks
Give an example of a sedimentary rock
Examples include: limestone and sandstone
Give an example of a metamorphic rock
Examples include: marble and slate
Give an example of an igneous rock
Examples include: Granite and obsidian
What type of weathering is caused by animals and plants?
Biological weathering
Freeze-thaw is an example of what type of weathering?
Physical weathering
Acid rain is an example of what type of weathering?
Chemical weathering
Name the three types of weathering
Biological
Chemical
Physical
Write the following stages of sedimentary rock formation in order:
cementation, sedimentation, compaction, transportation, deposition
1) transportation
2) deposition
3) sedimentation
4) compaction
5) cementation
Name part A
Crust
Name part B
Mantle
Name part C
Outer core
Name part D
Inner core
How are igneous rocks with small crystals made?
- Outside the volcano
- When the lava cools quickly
How are igneous rocks with large crystals made?
- Inside the volcano
- When magma calls slowly
What are igneous rocks made inside the volcano called?
Intrusive igneous rocks
What are igneous rocks made outside the volcano called?
Extrusive igneous rocks
What two conditions are needed to make metamorphic rocks?
Heat and pressure
What gas makes up approx 80% of the Earth’s atmosphere?
Nitrogen
What gas makes up approx 21% of the Earth’s atmosphere?
Oxygen
What gas makes up approx 0.04% of the Earth’s atmosphere?
Carbon dioxide
What are the main two gases that contribute to global warming?
Carbon dioxide and methane
Name the process in the carbon cycle in which plants take in carbon dioxide
Photosynthesis
Name the process in the carbon cycle in which plants and animals release carbon dioxide
Respiration
What is the scientific word for burning?
Combustion
Name two processes in the carbon cycle that release carbon dioxide
Respiration
Combustion of wood / fossil fuels
Name two processes in the carbon cycle that take in carbon dioxide
Dissolved in oceans
Photosynthesis
What state is the inner core? Solid, liquid or gas?
Solid
Give two causes of climate change
Burning fossil fuels
Deforestation
Give two consequences of climate change
Any two from:
More droughts
More floods
Rising sea levels
More frequent extreme weather events
etc.
Give two advantages of recycling
Any two from:
- Less resources used
- Less energy used
- Less waste sent to landfill
What ‘type’ of data is written as words?
Categoric data
