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Science > Earth > Flashcards

Earth Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is a lithosphere

A

The solid part of the earth ( crust and upper mantle)

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2
Q

What’s the difference between a rock and a mineral?

A

A rock is usually made of 2 or more minerals, a mineral is a solid, natural homogenous substance

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3
Q

What rock is formed from fragments due to erosion

A

Sedimentary

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4
Q

What rock is formed from heat and pressure

A

Metamorphic

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5
Q

What rock is formed from cooling and solidification of magma

A

Igneous

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6
Q

What are the three types of igneous rock

A

Intrusive, extrusive, porphyritic

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7
Q

Which type of igneous rock have both big and small crystals

A

Porphyritic

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8
Q

Which igneous rock has large crystals

A

Intrusive

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9
Q

Which igneous rock has small crystals

A

Extrusive

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10
Q

Which igneous rock has a slow cooling rate

A

Intrusive

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11
Q

Which igneous rock has a fast cooling rate

A

Extrusive

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12
Q

Which igneous rock has a slow and fast cooling rate

A

Porphyritic

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13
Q

Which rock could have fossils

A

Sedimentary

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14
Q

What type of rock is formed from the transformation of other rocks

A

Metamorphic

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15
Q

Is colour of streak more important or colour of rock

A

Colour of streak

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16
Q

What’s the hardest mineral

A

Diamond

17
Q

Give a definition of soil

A

A loose layer on top of earths crust/layer found on top of parent rock

18
Q

4 types of soil from largest to smallest

A

Humus-bearing, sandy, loamy, clay

19
Q

The surface layer which contains a lot of organic matter is called

A

The parent rock

20
Q

Give a definition of energy

A

The capacity to produce change

21
Q

2 main factors to produce wind in earth

A

Earths rotation and pressure differences between two masses

22
Q

Hot air __ because it is ____

A

Rises
Lighter

23
Q

Air moves from ____a to a_____zone

A

High pressure
Low pressure

24
Q

3 examples of renewable energy
Definition

A

An energy source that naturally replenish
Solar, hydraulic, wind

25
Q

What’s geothermal energy

A

Extraction of grounds internal heat

26
Q

What’s non renewable energy
3 examples

A

They can run out and not be replaced
, fossil fuel, nuclear

27
Q

What’s biomass

A

Waste reclamation

28
Q

What are the fossil fuels

A

Coal, oil, natural gas

29
Q

What’s the scale called

A

Mohs hardness scale

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