Ears, Nose, Throat (ENT)

Question 1

what are the symptoms of group B strep?

Answer 1

fever, headache, nausea, vomiting, tender anterior cervical lymphadenopathy, tonsillar erythema with or without swelling or exudate

Question 2

when does acute post-strep glomerulonephritis occur? what are the symptoms?

Answer 2

Presents 1-2 weeks after GABS
edema, hematuria, proteinuria, and hypertension

Question 3

what are the first line antibiotics for treatment of group B strep?

Answer 3

penicillin or amoxicillin

Question 4

what are the alternative antibiotics for treatment of group B strep if there is an allergy to penicillin?

Answer 4

first-generation cephalosporins, clindamycin, clarithromycin, or azithromycin

Question 5

when is a tonsillectomy indicated in patients who get reoccurring group B strep?

Answer 5

A tonsillectomy is only indicated for patients with 4 or more episodes of severe pharyngitis in a year.

Question 6

Infectious mononucleosis has a prodromal period of what type of symptoms?

Answer 6

fever, malaise, chills, and sweats

Question 7

what is the classic triad of mono?

Answer 7

severe sore throat, fever, and lymphadenopathy

Question 8

in what age group does mono affect?

Answer 8

adolescents aged 15 to 24 yrs old

Question 9

what are physical exam findings of mono?

Answer 9

enlarged tonsils
pharyngeal erythema
thick, pharyngeal exudate
palatal petechiae
tender anterior cervical and/or posterior cervical adenopathy

Question 10

why should children avoid contact sports if diagnosed with mono?

Answer 10

because of splenomegaly
should avoid contact sports for 4 weeks

Question 11

what is the top diagnosis for: severe unilateral sore throat with fever, muffled voice, unilaterally enlarged, medially displaced tonsil and deviation of uvula to unaffected side.

Answer 11

Peritonsillar abscess

Question 12

what is the top diagnosis for septic thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein

Answer 12

Lemierre syndrome

Question 13

For children that have been diagnosed with acute otitis media what is the first line antibiotic?

Answer 13

amoxicillin remains the first line therapy for children who have not received amoxicillin within the past 30 days.

Question 14

for children that have been diagnosed with acute otitis media and were given amoxicillin within the past 30 days, what is the recommended treatment??

Answer 14

amoxicillin/clavulanate is recommended if amoxicillin has been taken within the past 30 days,

Question 15

For children with a non-type 1 hypersensitivity to penicillin, what is the treatment for acute otitis media?

Answer 15

cefdinir, cefuroxime, cefpodoxime, or ceftriaxone may be appropriate

Question 16

what is the treatment for acute rhinosinusitis?

Answer 16

amoxicillin or Augmentin is the first line of therapy

Question 17

what is the treatment for acute rhinosinusitis for patients that have a penicillin allergy?

Answer 17

doxycycline or a respiratory fluroquinolone (levofloxacin or moxifloxacin)

Question 18

what is the treatment for acute uncomplicated bronchitis?

Answer 18

cough suppressants (codeine, dextromethorphan), first gen antihistamines, and decongestants (phenylephrine)

Question 19

Hoarseness can be a cardinal sign of what type of cancer?

Answer 19

laryngeal cancer