Early US History Flashcards
What is the 4th Amendment?
Protects against unlawful searches and seizures. (Police need a warrant to search your home)
Who is Henry Clay?
American lawyer and statesman. Masterminded the Missouri Compromise and the Compromise of 1850. Sometimes called the great Pacificator of the Great Compromiser.
Who is Alexander Hamilton?
First secretary of the US Treasury, oversaw the creation of the Bank of the United States.
What is Lakota?
A Native American tribe that transformed from sedentary to nomadic with the introduction of horses.
What are the Southern Colony Cultures?
Included Merriland, Virginia, North and South Carolina, and Georgia. Features: fertile soil. Economic activities: plantation style agriculture, production of cash crops (tobacco, cotton, and indigo), dependence on slavery.
What was the culture of The Carolina’s in the Southern Colony Culture?
Profit seeking private companies
What was the culture of Maryland in the Southern Colony Cultures?
Religious Freedom
What was the culture of Georgia in the Southern Colony Cultures?
Debtor’s colony (where prisoners could learn trades to work off their debts)
What was the Fugitive Slave Clause?
A clause placed in the US Constitution that required escaped enslaved people to be returned to their owners.
What was Treaty of Paris (1783)?
Ended the Revolutionary War between the United States and Great Britain and recognize American independence. Signed in 1783.
What was the Bank of the United States?
The debate over its creation in 1791 that led to the emergence of the first US political parties.
What is the 6th Amendment?
Amendment to the US Constitution which protects the right to a fair, speedy, and public trial; the right to a lawyer, the right to confront accusers, and the right to an impartial jury.
What is the 2nd Amendment?
Amendment to the US Constitution which protects against restrictions of the right to bear arms.
What was the Tea Act of 1773?
The British East India Company received permission from Parliament to have a monopoly on the sale of tea.
What is Teotihuacán?
A civilization known for pyramids, temples, and roads.
What was the Quartering Act of 1765?
Required colonist to provide room and board to British soldiers.
What was the Sugar Act of 1764?
A tax enacted on all British colonies by Parliament on sugar, textiles, coffee, wine, and indigo.
What was the Constitutional Convention of 1787?
Laid out a new blueprint for the American government; address the problems of weak central government created by the articles of confederation. Held in Philadelphia in 1787.
What is the 1st Amendment?
Amendment to the US Constitution which protects against restrictions on freedom of speech, religion, press, petition, and assembly. (Peaceful protest)
Who is Nathaniel Bacon?
Leader of Bacon’s Rebellion in Jamestown, the first popular revolt in the colonies.
What was the Intolerable Acts/Coercive Acts of 1774?
A series of laws aimed at punishing Massachusetts for the Boston tea party. (Closing of Boston Harbor)
Who was Ferdinand Magellan?
A Portuguese explorer who organized the first expedition to circumnavigate the earth.
Who was King George the III?
Was the King of Great Britain and Ireland during the American revolution. Enacted taxes on the colonies without allowing them representation in Parliament, thus providing the motivation for the colonist to separate from Great Britain.
What was the Stamp Act of 1765?
Levied on only the American colonies, this tax was on all printed materials.
What was the Enlightenment?
17th century intellectual movement centered on the belief that societies could improve through reason, science, progression.
Who led the Enlightenment?
primarily led by the philosophers: Locke, Rousseau, Voltaire, and Montesquieu.
What was the Northwest Passage?
A hypothesized water route from the Atlantic to Pacific Ocean. It would have facilitated trade with Asia, but one was never found. Eventually, the Panama Canal would connected oceans in Central America.
What was the Iroquois Confederacy/Iroquois League?
A confederacy of six different tribes that was the most powerful native group in the northeast. Expanded tribes through war and conquest.
Who are the Federalist?
The first political party in the US; advocated for a strong central government.
Who was a part of the new England Colony Cultures?
Rhode Island, Connecticut, Massachusetts, and New Hampshire.
What was the motivation for the New England Colony Cultures?
Religious freedom.
What were the features of the New England Colony Cultures?
Abundant forest, rocky soil, mountains, and a short growing season.
What were the economic activities of the New England Colony Cultures?
Logging, fishing, and shipbuilding.
What was the Missouri Compromise Line?
A line located at 36° 30’; according to the Missouri compromise, state below this line inducted into the union would be slave states; states above this line would be free states.
What is the US Constitution?
A document which lays the foundation for the US government and provides a blueprint of democracy for the rest of the world.
What was Olmec?
The first Meso-American civilization.
What is the Columbian Exchange?
The transferring of plants, animals, and diseases between the Old World and the Americas after Christopher Columbus‘ arrival.
Who are the Conquistadores?
Spanish explorers who searched for and found expansive amounts of gold in the New World.
Who was Thomas Paine?
An English-born American political activist and newspaper editor. Wrote “Common Sense,” a pamphlet urging the colonists to be totally independent from Britain.
