Early modern English

Question 1

Printing

Answer 1

Caxton set up the first printing press in England, books appeared that could be easily replicated and these were published in English rather than French or Latin (1456) - this helped to standardise spellings & meanings

Question 2

Grammarians

Answer 2

A group of 18th century academics who published guides on the use of grammar. set out the range of punctuation available to writers, uses the rules of grammar, prescriptivists.

Question 3

Shakespeare

Answer 3

deliberately used as much exciting new vocabulary including ‘in the minds eye’, obscene, laughable, accommodation.

Question 4

Lexical borrowing

Answer 4

because of expanding trade new objects, new words entered the lexicon (Potato - American, Coffee - Arabic, Violin - Italian)

Question 5

Latin & Greek influence

Answer 5

adapt, appropriate, chaos, monopoly, obstruction, pathetic, virus

Question 6

Spanish & Portuguese influence

Answer 6

apricot, banana, cannibal, guitar, negro, tobacco

Question 7

Italian influence

Answer 7

ballot, concerto, design, opera, rocket, violin, solo

Question 8

French influence

Answer 8

chocolate, explore, invite, passport, shock, tomato