Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Child Language Disorders: Birth to 5 > Early Language Delay, Predictors and Risk Factors > Flashcards

Early Language Delay, Predictors and Risk Factors Flashcards

1
Q

predictors and risk factors for early language delay

A
  • hearing impairment
  • family hx
  • twins
  • genetic, developmental, and neurological conditions
  • high social risk
  • abuse, neglect, trauma
  • prematurity
  • low birth weight
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

abuse, neglect, trauma: the younger the child…

A

the greater the impact

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

abuse, neglect, trauma: what area of language suffers more? expressive or receptive?

A

expressive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

which has a greater impact on language development: severe neglect or abuse alone?

A

severe neglect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

abuse, neglect, trauma

A

under-identified and under-served

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

___ of ___ on the developing brain make it harder to benefit from tx

A

pervasive impact, trauma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

prematurity causes

A
  • smoking
  • drinking
  • other drug use
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

prematurity facts

A
  • multiple births (63% preterm)
  • birth spacing (<18 months)
  • access to prenatal care (health insurance)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

prematurity: maternal age in order of highest risk to lowest risk

A

40+
30-39
<20
20-29

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

low birth weight causes

A

language, cognitive, sensory, and motor impairments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

LBW: preterm

A

< 37 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

LBW: late preterm

A

34-36 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

LBW: very preterm

A
  • < 32 weeks
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is considered LBW?

A

< 5 lb, 8 oz

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is considered VLBW?

A

< 3 lb, 4 oz

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

preterm birth rate by race/ethnicity (US, 2019-2021 average)

A
  • Hispanic: 10.0%
  • White: 9.3%
  • Black: 14.4%
  • American Indian/Alaska Native: 11.8%
  • Asian/Pacific Islander: 9.0%
  • total: 10.3%
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

LBW data

A
  • about 1 in 7 Black babies (about 13%)
  • about 1 in 12 Asian babies (about 8%)
  • about 1 in 13 Native American or Alaska Native
18
Q

who is eligible for Early Intervention services in age?

A

birth to 3 years old

19
Q

to be eligible for EI, infants and toddlers who have at least 1 of these

A
  • a 25% delay in 1 or more areas of development
  • a specialist’s determination that there is a delay even though it doesn’t show up on the assessments (called informal clinical opinion)
  • a known physical or mental condition that has a high probability for developmental delays (such as Down Syndrom)
20
Q

negative consequences of NICU and necessary medical interventions

A
  • oral defensiveness/aversion
  • trauma, damage to larynx
  • over or lack of stimulation
  • caregiver PTSD
21
Q

prematurity and age correction

A

using a preterm child’s adjusted age to set goals and administer assessments

22
Q

calculating for age correction

A
  • preterm child’s chronological age minus weeks or months early they were born
  • ex: 24 month old born 3 months early would have the adjusted age of 21 months
23
Q

using only adjusted age to determine eligibility for services, goals, progress may

A

mask deficits and frame them as (temporary) delays

24
Q

how should we use a preterm child’s adjusted age?

A

report and consider actual and adjusted age when you can for preterm children age 5 and under

25
Q

drug and alcohol exposure

A
  • prenatal opiate and cocaine exposure
  • fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)/fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD)/prenatal alcohol syndrome (PAS)
26
Q

prenatal opiate and cocaine exposure

A
  • lower weight, height, head circumference
  • slower growth
  • similar outcomes from prenatal exposure to meth based on preliminary research
27
Q

prenatal opiate and cocaine exposure deficits

A
  • reflexes
  • tone
  • irratibility
  • alertness (particularly < 6 months)
28
Q

drug and alcohol exposure, growing consensus (receptive and expressive language delays)

A
  • syntax
  • higher level language, discourse 3 and 4 years
  • behavior, attention, language, cognition difficulties 4-13 years
29
Q

drug and alcohol exposure: SLP’s role

A
  • feeding
  • assessment of alertness/sleepiness cycle and triggers of irritability
  • facilitating medical staff/parent/caregiver positive interactions and bonding
  • parent/caregiver education and counseling
30
Q

fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)/fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD)/prenatal alcohol syndrome (PAS)

A
  • leading identifiable, preventable, nonhereditary cause of intellectual disability + birth defects in the US
  • spectrum disorder
  • physical, cognitive deficits that are irreversible
31
Q

FAS/FASD/PAS: physical effects

A
  • small head
  • epicanthal folds
  • smooth philtrum
  • underdeveloped jaw
  • low nasal bridge
  • small eye openings
  • short nose
  • thin upper lip
32
Q

FAS/FASD/PAS: hallmarks are facial malformations, delayed growth, and CNS abnormalities

A
  • poor condition, balance
  • ID
  • poor memory
  • attention problem
  • hyperactivity
  • difficulty with reasoning and problem-solving
  • difficulty identifying consequences of choices
  • poor judgment skills
  • trouble adapting to change or switching from 1 task to another
  • problem with behavior and impulse control
  • poor concept of time
  • problems staying on task
  • difficulty planning or working toward a goal
33
Q

FAS/FASD/PAS: phonological development

A
  • slightly lower overall intelligibility
  • more consonant errors and some differences in order of mastery
  • nonword repetition, auditory discrimination deficits
  • literacy and spelling delays
34
Q

FAS/PAS research update

A
  • Kipplin et al. compared language and literacy outcomes for adolescents with and without prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE)
  • young people with PAE generally had weaker vocabulary skills, verbal learning, memory, reading, and spelling skills than their non-PAE peers
  • many of the language scores did not fall into the disordered range (greater than 1.5 standard deviations) but may still impact communication and educational attainment
35
Q

what is in a name?

A
  • language delay
  • language impairment
  • language difficulty
  • late talker
36
Q

late talker

A

a large body of research suggests that even those who seem to catch up with peers often continue to show subtle weaknesses in language function

37
Q

kids identified as later talkers at 2 had significantly more or less speech errors than at 4-5

A

more speech errors, especially polysyllabic words

38
Q

toddlers between 18 and 24 months with language delay had significantly more of what type of problems compared to toddlers without language delay

A

socioemotional and behavioral problems

39
Q

developmental language disorder (DLD)

A
  1. language impairment is the most salient challenge
  2. biological cause of disorder is not known
  3. no other diagnostic label is appropriate
40
Q

things to know about DLD

A
  • late talkers that don’t catch up to their peers (3+)
  • formally known as language impairment/disorder
  • heterogenous
  • spectrum disorder
  • high prevalence among school-age population

Child Language Disorders: Birth to 5 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions