Early Explorers and Colonies

Question 1

What was the first country to create colonies in the “new world”?

Answer 1

Spain

Question 2

What is a colony?

Answer 2

an area that is taken over and controlled (governed) by a stronger country

Question 3

What were Spanish explorers who defeated the indiginous population took over land in the “New World” called?

Answer 3

Conquistadors

Question 4

These were set up by priests and monks so that they could convert the indiginous people to the Christian religion

Answer 4

Missions

Question 5

What does the word CONVERT mean?

Answer 5

to change from one thing to another.

In this unit the word is used when we talk about Europeans trying to get indiginous people to change thier religion.

Question 6

This series of wars connected Europe with trade routes in the Middle East and Asia increasing peoples desire for travel and trading.

Answer 6

Crusades

Question 7

What is another word for Native American?

Answer 7

Indiginous- these are people who were original to the area.

Question 8

What country developed the first LAND trade route to Asia?

Answer 8

Italy

Question 9

A large farm which grew crops for sale and mainly used enslaved workers.

Answer 9

Plantation

Question 10

Spanish law/ruling that gave settlers land in New Spain and to force indiginous people to pay taxes and work for free

Answer 10

Encomienda

Question 11

A system of LIVING things moving between the Eastern and Western Hemisphere.

Answer 11

Columbian Exchange

Question 12

What country had the first all water trade route to Asia?

Answer 12

Portugal

Question 13

What was the most destructive living item brought to the “New World” by Spanish explorers?

Answer 13

Diseases

Question 14

Why were the Spanish conquistadors able to defeat the indigenous population easily?

Answer 14

The Spanish had:

• horses the indigenous people had never seen
• metal “explosive” weapons such guns and cannons
• illnesses such as the flu and smallpox
• the indiginous people thought they might be gods and didn’t want to fight at first.

Question 15

Where were the Spanish Colonies located?

Answer 15

• Most of South America
• Mexico and Central America
• Florida and the Southwest of the current U.S.A.

Question 16

Where were the Frencch Colonies located?

Answer 16

• Present day Canada
• Around the Hudson and St. Lawrence River
• Along the Mississippi River in the center of the United States

Question 17

What were the 3 main goals of the Spanish Colonies?

Answer 17

Gold

Glory

God

Question 18

What were the 2 main ways the French Colonies produced wealth?

Answer 18

• Fish (gathered and sold in Europe)
• Fur Trade (especially beaver furs- waterproof!)

Question 19

What were the explorers paid by the French government looking for?

Answer 19

The Northwest Passage

Question 20

What was the Northwest Passage?

Answer 20

• Most of Europe believed that there was a water route that could take them through North America so that they could sail quickly around the world and get to Asia.
• They looked for rivers and lakes which connected and would let them sail through the continent
• The French looked the hardest.
• It did not exist.

Question 21

Which nation did their best to trade fairly with the indigenous population?

Answer 21

France

Question 22

Which nation enslaved the indigenous population and used them to farm sugar cane?

Answer 22

Spain

Question 23

Which nation forced the indigenous population to change their religion to Christianity?

Answer 23

Spain

Question 24

Which nation learned how to hunt and trap from the indigenous population?

Answer 24

France

Question 25

Which nation had the highest rate of marriage with the indigenous population?

Answer 25

France

Question 26

Which nation accidentally brought germs and diseases to the “New World”?

Answer 26

Both Spain and France

Question 27

Which nation stole huge amounts of land from the indigenous population?

Answer 27

Spain

Question 28

Which nation had a fairly friendly relationship with the indigenous population?

Answer 28

France

Question 29

What was the main goal of colonies created by all European countries?

Answer 29

to make a profit (wealth) for the mother country.

Question 30

What is a mother country?

Answer 30

A country that owns and controls a colony.