Early Astronomers Flashcards
Test
Which of Kepler’s laws is the Harmonic law
3rd
Know Stonehenge; Big horn wheel, and Caracol and their locations
Astronomical alignment; Wiltshire, Enlgand. Medicine Wheel; Wyoming. Mayan cuture; Mexico
Kepler based his theories on the precise planetary observations of?
Tycho Brahe
Scientists today do not accept the Ptolemaic model because
Too old; Kepler and Tycho’s model heliocentric model was more accurate
Who was the ancient astronomer to formulate the zodiac
Ptolemy
The 1st proposed model of the cosmos was introduced by?
Pythagoras
Who kept astronomy alive during the dark ages?
Islamic Astronomers
Seven wanderers included
Sun, Moon, Mercury, Mars, Venus, Jupiter, and Saturn
The Ptolemaic and Copernican models are similar in what way?
Circular Orbits
Who built Uraniborg and observered a supernova in 1572?
Tycho Brahe
Did Newton replace Kepler with scientific laws?
No
When planets appear to move backward the term is
Retrograde motion
The Greek Philosopher that proposed that every different substance in the universe had its
own type of atom was (cheese, wood, & hair.
Democritus
The motivation for the Babylonian’s astronomy was?
Religion
What earlier work did Copernicus draw from?
Kepler, Ptolemy, Aristarchus
What is aphelion and perihelion?
Aphelion: Farthest point from the sun (Slowest in it’s orbit) Perihelion: Closest point to the sun (Fastest in it’s orbit)
Who was the chief deity of the Babylonians?
Marduk
Name the 5 elements that are Aristotle’s?
Fire, air, water, earth & ether.
The Italian astronomer who showed that two balls of different weights would still fall to earth
at the same rate was
Galilieo Galilei
The heliocentric model was actually first proposed by
Nicolaus Copernicus
When did Brahe and Kepler live?
Brahe (1546 - 1601) (1571 - 1630)
The Babylonians kept careful records on clay tablets for _______ years
1400
Who was the influential Greek astronomer who taught Aristotle?
Plato
Which ancient was considered to speak absolute truth?
Plato
The Greek astronomer who devised a complex geocentric model used for over a thousand
years to predict planetary behavior was
Ptolemy
Law of Universal Gravitation was developed by
Issac Newton
The Greek astronomer that proposed that we are the 3rd rock from the Sun
Aristarchus
Who was Brahe’s assistant?
Kepler
The Ptolemaic model of the universe
Explained & Predicted the motions of the planets with deferents & epicycles.
Ptolemy said the orbits were ____________ and Kepler said the orbits were?
Ptolemy: Circular
Kepler: Ellipses with the sun at one focus.
A planet is slowest in its orbit at aphelion (farthest point from the sun.) What is Perhilion?
Closest point from the sun. Fastest in it’s orbit.
Galileo thought that sunspots proved that the Sun ?
Did not move, The earth revolved around the sun
