Early American Governments

Question 1

congress will make no laws about religion
free speech and free press
assembly
petitions

Answer 1

amendment 1

Question 2

militias and keep and bear arms

Answer 2

2

Question 3

soldiers quartered in houses in times of peace or war without owner consent

Answer 3

3

Question 4

no unreasonable searches and seizures
warrants need probable cause supported by oath or affirmation describing places to be searched and persons or things to be seized

Answer 4

4

Question 5

must be tried on a presentment or indictment of grand jury unless it is military
only tried once per thing
never witness against self
not have life, liberty, property taken

Answer 5

5

Question 6

speedy public trial
impartial jury in their district
informed about accusation
confronted by opposing witnesses
get witnesses
have assistance of counsel

Answer 6

6

Question 7

common law suits exceeding 20 dollars, jury shall be preserved, not reexamined

Answer 7

7

Question 8

no excessive bail, fines, or cruel and unusual punishment

Answer 8

8

Question 9

constitution shall not take away rights

Answer 9

9

Question 10

what the constitution doesn’t give to the nation or prohibited to states is given to states

Answer 10

10

Question 11

where were the early settlers from

Answer 11

england

Question 12

what did the settlers bring

Answer 12

judeo Christian values and ideas

Question 13

what were the first governments influenced by

Answer 13

mosaic law

biblical concept of government

Question 14

what is limited government

Answer 14

government’s power is not absolute

Question 15

what was the magna carta

Answer 15

recognized rights of nobility

king john forced to sign it in 1215

Question 16

what was the English bill of rights

Answer 16

1659

clear limits on monarchy

Question 17

what limits did the English bill of rights set

Answer 17

monarchs do not have absolute authority but rule with consent of people’s representatives in Parliament
monarchs must have Parliament’s consent for laws and taxes

Question 18

Thomas hobbes

Answer 18

argued that people can create a society by entering a social contract
theorized that people need government to maintain order

Question 19

john lock

Answer 19

people have natural rights, life liberty and property, because they are human
if government fails to protect these, the people are justified to rebel

Question 20

government in colonies

Answer 20

each in each colony
governor appointed by king
legislature elected
court system - exercised local authority, self governing

Question 21

by 1776, representative government…

Answer 21

had been a tradition in the colonies for 100 years

Question 22

2 events that change the relationship between US and Britain

Answer 22

French and Indian War

crowning of King George III (1768)

Question 23

1st continental congress

Answer 23

imposed embargo on trade with Britain

boycott british goods

Question 24

what is an embargo

Answer 24

agreement prohibiting trade

Question 25

second continental congress

Answer 25

acting government of the colonies

Question 26

how many signed declaration

Answer 26

56

Question 27

preamble

Answer 27

we hold these truths to be self evident that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life liberty and the pursuit of happiness

Question 28

articles of confederation

Answer 28

drafted in second continental congress
ratified by all 13 states 1781
states retain a lot of independence and the national government is weak

Question 29

about articles government

Answer 29

no national court system, no president/king, no levying taxes, no standing army
single chamber government, each state sends 2-7 delegates that voted as 1 unit

Question 30

$problems

Answer 30

war left government $40 million in debt

congress can’t force tax - they request and are ignored

Question 31

what does the national law require to ratify

Answer 31

9/13

Question 32

what were states doing to each other

Answer 32

imposing tariffs

Question 33

shay’s rebellion

Answer 33

Massachusetts raised taxes to pay war debt
farmers can’t pay creditors and surrender property
Daniel shay leads rebellion 1788
shuts down courts and prevents foreclosure hearings
Massachusetts militia confront and fire on mob, ending rebellion

Question 34

revising the articles

Answer 34

1787
delegates appointed by state governors meet and propose changes to articles, meeting is secret for 1 month
didn’t revise but made something new

Question 35

constitutional convention

Answer 35

delegates decide to abandon articles
limit state power
national government power divided into 3 branches

Question 36

Virginia plan

Answer 36

strong national government
represented in a strong legislature based on state population
legislature appoints executive and national judiciary

Question 37

jersey plan

Answer 37

keep features of the articles
each state gets 1 vote in the legislature
legislature is unicameral - one house
all states equally powerful, regardless of population
nation remains confederation of sovereign states

Question 38

Connecticut compromise

Answer 38

great compromise
legislature is bicameral
house of representatives - based on population - congressmen
senate - each state gets 2 representatives
congress would be able to impose texes

Question 39

electoral college

Answer 39

voters from each state select electors to choose the president, who will serve 4 year term before being reelected

Question 40

US constitution

Answer 40

ratified june 1788
required 9/13 states to sign
federalists for it, anti-federalists wanted bill of rights

Question 41

bill of rights

Answer 41

to protect citizens from their own government

federalists promise to add bill of rights and states begin ratifying

Question 42

federalist papers

Answer 42

collection of 85 essays published in defense of the constitution by alexander Hamilton, john jay, james Madison, convinced NY to ratify