Ear infections Flashcards
Which population is mostly affected by acute otits media?
Pediatric population
What are the symptoms of otitis media?
1.Middle ear fluid
2.Hearing loss
3.Ear pain
4.mild bulging of the tympanic membrane
5.Intense erythema of the tympanic membrane
6.Fever
What are the risk factors of otitis media?
1.Age6-12months,5-6 years
2.Family History
3.Day care
4.Pacifier use
5.Limited resource
6.Tobacco smoke and air pollution
What reduces the risk of otitis media?
Breast feeding
Causes of Acute otitis media?
1.Nontypeable hemophilus influenza
2.Moraxella catarrhalis
3.Streptococcus aureus
4.GAS
5.Mycoplasma pneumoniae
6.E.coli
7.Staphlococcus aureus
Viral
1.RSV
2.Enteroviruses
3.Rhinoviruses
Describe the pathogenesis of Otitis Media?
REFER TO HANDOUT
Describe the treatment of otitis media?
Management of pain -analgesics with or without myringotomy
Antimicrobials
Why are antimicrobials adminstered?
1.Reduce complications
2.Reduce time to resolution
Complications of AOM?
1.Hearing loss
2.Balance and motor problems
3.Perforation
4.Myringosclerosis
5.CSOM
6.Mastoiditis
7.Intracranial complications like meningitis, epidural abscesses and brain abscesses
What is Otitis external?Other name?
Inflammation of the external auditory canal
Swimmer’s ear
What protects the ear from infections?
1.Tragus and conch cartilage help prevent forge in bodies
2.Cerumen helps create an acidic canal environment
Describe the pathogenesis of Otitis Externa?
REFER TO HANDOUT
Risk factors of Otitis Media?
Swimming
Trauma, cotton swabs
Devices
Allergic contact dermatitis
Dermatologic conditions e,g psoriasis
Prior radiation
Name two organisms that are part of the ear canal’s normal flora?
1.Staphylococcus Epidermis
2.Diptheroid species
Name two organisms that cause otitis externa?
1.Pseudomonas
2.Staphylococcus.
