Ear (ex.III) Flashcards
What type of cartilage can be found in the pinna of the ear?
elastic cartilage
What is the structure at the junction between the outer ear and middle ear?
tympanic membrane
ear wax is a product of a unique gland known as the _____
What is this gland a combination of?
ceruminous gland
combination of sebaceous glands, apocrine glands, and sloughed skin cells.
The tympanic membrane is covered externally by _____ epithelium and internally by _____ epithelium.
externally: stratified squamous
internally: simple squamous
The tympanic cavity is filled with ___
air
The smallest bones in the body are in the middle ear. They are the ____, ____, and ____
malleus, incus, and stapes
know as the ossicles
The _______ is the channel that allows communication between the middle ear and the nasopharynx.
Why is it important?
Auditory/Eustachian tube
important for pressure equalization
The shape of the ventral portion of the middle ear is maintained by a ridged structure called the _____.
tympanic bulla
What is the large expansion of the eustachian tube in horses called?
(This space can be infected by fungi and cause significant vascular damage)
Guttural Pouch
the bony labyrinth contains a fluid called ____
the membranous labyrinth contains a fluid called ____
bony: perilymph
membranous: endolymph
the (outer) bony labyrinth consists of 3 parts:
- ____
- ____
- ____
- vestibule
- semicircular canals
- cochlea
the (inner) membranous consists of what 4 parts?
- cochlear duct
- utricle
- saccule
- 3 semicircular ducts
Which two sections of the membranous labyrinth are within the vestibule?
utricle and saccule
The _____ is located in the spongy bone of the cochlea. This is the location of a spiral ganglion that send signals of sound to the brain.
modiolus
All of the semicircular canals communicate with the ____ of the vestibule.
utricle
The cochlea is subdivided into 3 spaces. The ____ and ____ contain perilymph, while the ____ contains endolymph.
scala vestibule and scala tympani
cochlear duct (scala media)
The Organ of Corti contains what three types of cells that are all in direct communication with nerves?
- hair cells
- phalangeal cells
- pillar cells
Which cranial nerve is associated the cochlear apparatus?
cranial nerve 8
vestibularcochlear never
The Stria vascularis produces ____
endolymph
The _____ membrane and the _____ membrane and components of the cochlear duct that are vibrated with sound energy.
tectorial membrane
basilar membrane
_____ are tiny stones that are embedded in a gelatinous matrix on top of hair cells in the macula of the utricle and saccule.
Why are these important?
otoliths
They make the brain aware of the position of the head and its linear movement.
The _______ is sensitive to angular acceleration/deceleration. A gelatinous mass called _____ sits on top of these sensory hair cells and is free of any stones.
Crista ampullaris
Cupula