Ear (ex.III)

Question 1

What type of cartilage can be found in the pinna of the ear?

Answer 1

elastic cartilage

Question 2

What is the structure at the junction between the outer ear and middle ear?

Answer 2

tympanic membrane

Question 3

ear wax is a product of a unique gland known as the _____

What is this gland a combination of?

Answer 3

ceruminous gland

combination of sebaceous glands, apocrine glands, and sloughed skin cells.

Question 4

The tympanic membrane is covered externally by _____ epithelium and internally by _____ epithelium.

Answer 4

externally: stratified squamous
internally: simple squamous

Question 5

The tympanic cavity is filled with ___

Answer 5

air

Question 6

The smallest bones in the body are in the middle ear. They are the ____, ____, and ____

Answer 6

malleus, incus, and stapes

know as the ossicles

Question 7

The _______ is the channel that allows communication between the middle ear and the nasopharynx.
Why is it important?

Answer 7

Auditory/Eustachian tube

important for pressure equalization

Question 8

The shape of the ventral portion of the middle ear is maintained by a ridged structure called the _____.

Answer 8

tympanic bulla

Question 9

What is the large expansion of the eustachian tube in horses called?
(This space can be infected by fungi and cause significant vascular damage)

Answer 9

Guttural Pouch

Question 10

the bony labyrinth contains a fluid called ____

the membranous labyrinth contains a fluid called ____

Answer 10

bony: perilymph
membranous: endolymph

Question 11

the (outer) bony labyrinth consists of 3 parts:

1. ____
2. ____
3. ____

Answer 11

1. vestibule
2. semicircular canals
3. cochlea

Question 12

the (inner) membranous consists of what 4 parts?

Answer 12

1. cochlear duct
2. utricle
3. saccule
4. 3 semicircular ducts

Question 13

Which two sections of the membranous labyrinth are within the vestibule?

Answer 13

utricle and saccule

Question 14

The _____ is located in the spongy bone of the cochlea. This is the location of a spiral ganglion that send signals of sound to the brain.

Answer 14

modiolus

Question 15

All of the semicircular canals communicate with the ____ of the vestibule.

Answer 15

utricle

Question 16

The cochlea is subdivided into 3 spaces. The ____ and ____ contain perilymph, while the ____ contains endolymph.

Answer 16

scala vestibule and scala tympani

cochlear duct (scala media)

Question 17

The Organ of Corti contains what three types of cells that are all in direct communication with nerves?

Answer 17

1. hair cells
2. phalangeal cells
3. pillar cells

Question 18

Which cranial nerve is associated the cochlear apparatus?

Answer 18

cranial nerve 8

vestibularcochlear never

Question 19

The Stria vascularis produces ____

Answer 19

endolymph

Question 20

The _____ membrane and the _____ membrane and components of the cochlear duct that are vibrated with sound energy.

Answer 20

tectorial membrane

basilar membrane

Question 21

_____ are tiny stones that are embedded in a gelatinous matrix on top of hair cells in the macula of the utricle and saccule.
Why are these important?

Answer 21

otoliths

They make the brain aware of the position of the head and its linear movement.

Question 22

The _______ is sensitive to angular acceleration/deceleration. A gelatinous mass called _____ sits on top of these sensory hair cells and is free of any stones.

Answer 22

Crista ampullaris

Cupula