Ear and Nasal Cavity

Question 1

function of external portion of ear

Answer 1

collect sound and transfer it to the TM

Question 2

feature of the middle ear

Answer 2

osicles (send sound to the oval window)

Question 3

features of inner ear

Answer 3

• oval window
• organ of corti and hair cells
• cochlea

Question 4

features of the EAM

Answer 4

-lateral 1/3 cartilaginous

Question 5

postion of TM

Answer 5

slopes medially and inferiorly

Question 6

where is cone of light directed when preforming an otoscopic exam

Answer 6

anteriorly and inferiorly

Question 7

central protrusion in middle of a healthy TM

Answer 7

-umbo (formed by the manubrium of the malleus)

Question 8

safe area

Answer 8

• posterioinferior quadrant
• where are tubes are places
• below ossicles and chorda tympany

Question 9

innervation of external surface of TM and EAM

Answer 9

CN 8 and 10

Question 10

what explains coughing and nausea associated with disturbances of the auditory canal

Answer 10

vagal stimulation

Question 11

what can be attributed to the relationship between pain of an earache and pain of an infected tooth/carcinoma of the tongue

Answer 11

-commonality of the sensory branches (mandibular) of CN 5

Question 12

danger area of TM

Answer 12

anterosuperior quadrant

- blood vessels/ossicle and chorda tympani are

Question 13

boundaries of middle ear

Answer 13

within the petrous portion of temporal bone

Question 14

roof of middle ear

Answer 14

thin piece of bone separting tympanic cavity from the middle cranial fossa

Question 15

floor of middle ear

Answer 15

“juggulum”

- separates tympanic cavity from the internal jugular vein

Question 16

lateral wall of middle ear

Answer 16

TM

Question 17

what is found at the epitympanic recess

Answer 17

site of the articulation between malleus and incus

Question 18

relationship of TM and handle of malleus

Answer 18

attached (insertion of tensor tympani)

Question 19

what is the chorda tympani

Answer 19

special sensory branch (taste) of the facial nerve

- runs across the handle of the malleus

Question 20

medial wall of middle ear

Answer 20

lateral boundary of the inner ear

Question 21

significance of oval window

Answer 21

site where foot plate of stapes transmits energy from sound waves to the endolymph of cholcear duct

Question 22

significance of round window

Answer 22

closed by a secondary TM where extra energy can be dissapated

Question 23

features of the posterior wall of middle ear

Answer 23

aditus
pyrmidial eminence
canal for facial nerve

Question 24

aditus

Answer 24

opening that leads to the mastoid air cells

Question 25

pyrmindal eminence

Answer 25

contains the stapedius muscle

Question 26

anterior wall of middle ear

Answer 26

canal for the tensor tympani muscle and the osseous portion of the audiotry tube

Question 27

tensor tympani

Answer 27

tenses TM dampening the vibration of the malleus to protect the inner ear from loud noises

Question 28

stapedius muscle

Answer 28

pulls stapes posterioly reducing the ossiclatory range of TM protecting the organ of corti in the inner ear

Question 29

hyperacusia

Answer 29

occurs when stapedius muscle is paralyzed. increases volume

Question 30

innervation of stapedius muscle

Answer 30

facial nerve

Question 31

what does the ET connect

Answer 31

middle ear to the nasopharynx

Question 32

where is the nasopharynx in relation to nasal cavity

Answer 32

posterior to it

Question 33

contraction of what muscles opens the cartilagenous portion of the tube dutring swallowing or yawining

Answer 33

salpingopharyngeal and tensor/levatr palati

Question 34

where is the nasopharynx in realtion to the adenoid

Answer 34

adjacent | -aiding in the spread of infection through nasopharync to the middle ear

Question 35

why are children at an increased risk of aquiring ear infections

Answer 35

ET is shorter and flatter

Question 36

what makes up the brudge of the nose

Answer 36

nasal bones, maxillae, and frontal bones

Question 37

roof of nasal cavity

Answer 37

cribiform plate of ethmoid bone

Question 38

floor of nasal cavity

Answer 38

superior surface of the hard palate

Question 39

lateral wall of nasal cavity

Answer 39

superior and middle conchae whichare features of the ethmoid bone and inferior concha

Question 40

articlations of nasal septum

Answer 40

vomer and perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone

Question 41

risk of fracture o the cribiform plate

Answer 41

may result in the spread of nasal bacteria into the anterior cranial fossa -possible tearing of the meninges results in leakage of cs from nose

Question 42

what are paranasal sinuses

Answer 42

air-filled mucos membraned lined cavities in frontal, sphenoid, maxillary and ethmoid bones

Question 43

where do all paranasal sinuses drain

Answer 43

into the nose

Question 44

drainage pattern of frontal sinues

Answer 44

into middle meatus via frontonasal duct

Question 45

drainage pattern of the ethmoid sinuses

Answer 45

anterior and middle=middle meatus | posterior-superior meatus

Question 46

drinage pattern of sphenoid sinuses

Answer 46

into sphenoethmoidal recess

Question 47

roof of maxillary sinus

Answer 47

floor of orbit

Question 48

alveolar processes of maxillary sinus

Answer 48

contains tooth sockets

Question 49

drainage pattern of maxillary sinus

Answer 49

into middle meatus through an opening in the hiatus semilunaris

Question 50

sphenopalatine artery

Answer 50

terminal branch of maxillary | - SUPPLIES MOST OF BLOOD TO NOSE

Question 51

nasopalatine

Answer 51

branch of sphenopalatine that supplies nasal septum

Question 52

decsending palatine artery

Answer 52

terminal branch of maxillary | -travels length of hard palate to anastomose with nasopalatine artery

Question 53

what supplies superior nasal cavity

Answer 53

opthalmic artery

Question 54

what supplies vstibue of nasal cavity

Answer 54

branches from facial artery

Question 55

maxillary nerve

Answer 55

second division of trigaminal | -entirely sensory

Question 56

where does maxillary nerve the middle crania;l fossa

Answer 56

foramen rotundum | - travels through infraorbital canal in the floor of orbit as infraorbital nerve

Question 57

trigeminal neuraliga

Answer 57

excruciating pain that radiates over dermatome of maxillary nerve - caused by compression of myelin sheath as cn 5 exits brain