Anterior Neck

Question 1

anterior boundary of neck

Answer 1

first rib superiorly to the ramus of the mandible

Question 2

posterior boundary of neck

Answer 2

superior nuchal line markers upper border

Question 3

function of hyoid bone

Answer 3

keeps the airway open and is important in swallowing

Question 4

where is the hyoid bone located

Answer 4

c3

superior to thyroid cartilage

Question 5

where is the carotid tubercle

Answer 5

anterior tubercle on the transverse process of c6

Question 6

where can carotid tubercle be palpated

Answer 6

anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle

Question 7

where is thyroid cartilage

Answer 7

level of c4

Question 8

where can cervical ganglion be found

Answer 8

deep to birfuration of common carotid

Question 9

where is cricoid cartilage

Answer 9

level of c6

Question 10

what is unique about cricoid cartilage

Answer 10

forms a complete ring

Question 11

what does the cricoid cartilage mark the approx location of

Answer 11

middle cervical ganglion
junction of phyarnx and esophagus
junction of larynx with the trachea

Question 12

platysma

Answer 12

thin sheet of muscle located in the superficial fascia of the neck
- muscle of facial expression

Question 13

innervation of platysma

Answer 13

facial nerve

Question 14

origin of trap

Answer 14

superior nuchal line and thoracic vertebral spinous processes

Question 15

insertion of trap

Answer 15

lateral aspect of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula

Question 16

innervation of trap

Answer 16

spinal accessory

Question 17

origin of medial head of sternocleidomastoid

Answer 17

manubrium of the sternum

Question 18

origin of lateral head of sternocleidomastoid

Answer 18

clavical

Question 19

insertion of sternocliedomastoid

Answer 19

mastoid process of the temporal bone

Question 20

function of suprahyoid

Answer 20

connects hyoid bone to the skull
- elevates hyoid
assists in opening jaw
depreses mandible

Question 21

infrahyoid muscle function

Answer 21

depresses and fixes/stabilizes hyoid bone

important in final stages of swallowing

Question 22

what scalene does the phrenic run over

Answer 22

anterior

Question 23

function of scalnes

Answer 23

flex neck laterally and elevate first and second ribs during forced inspiration

Question 24

where is the trunk of brachial plexus located in terms of scalene muscle

Answer 24

anterior and middle

Question 25

anterior triangle of the neck

Answer 25

midline of neck sternocleidomastoid body of mandible

Question 26

posterior triangle of the neck

Answer 26

sternocleidomastoid trap clavicle

Question 27

where does the common carotid originate on the left

Answer 27

arch of aorta

Question 28

where does common carotid originate on the right side

Answer 28

brachiocephalic trunk

Question 29

what accompanies the common carotid in the sheath

Answer 29

internal jugular vein | vagus nerve

Question 30

what does the internal carotid supply

Answer 30

brain and eye

Question 31

what does the external carotid supply

Answer 31

face and neck

Question 32

major branches of external carotid artery

Answer 32

``` superior thyroid ascending pharyngeal lingual facial occipital posterior auricular maxillary superficial temporal ```

Question 33

first branch of the subclavian

Answer 33

vertebral artery

Question 34

vertebral artery

Answer 34

joins with contralateral and forms basilar artery participating in circle of willis

Question 35

what is the significance of the anastomotic connection between the interior and superior thyroid artery

Answer 35

forms a collateral circulation route that bypasses the bifurcation which is important if the bifurcation is full of plaque

Question 36

internal thoracic artery

Answer 36

supplies anterior chest wall

Question 37

where does external jugular drain

Answer 37

subclavian veins

Question 38

where do the superior thyroid veins drain

Answer 38

internal jugular veins

Question 39

where do the inferior thyroid veins drain

Answer 39

brachiocephalic veins

Question 40

where are cervical lymph nodes found

Answer 40

along the internal jugular vein and often embedded in carotid sheath

Question 41

enlarged submental/submandibular

Answer 41

disease in oral/nasal/paranasal sinuses

Question 42

enlarged delphian nodes

Answer 42

associated with thyroid disease

Question 43

where can delphian node be found

Answer 43

anterior to the ithsmus of the thyroid gland

Question 44

enlarged nodes in inferior third of neck

Answer 44

disease below clavicle | - typically in throax

Question 45

enlarged virchows node

Answer 45

disease below diaphragm

Question 46

where can virchows node be found

Answer 46

near termination of thoracic duct

Question 47

where is cervical sympathetic chain located

Answer 47

deep to the carotid sheath

Question 48

cervical sypathetic chain

Answer 48

runs from base of skull to the first rib and has 3 interconnected ganglia

Question 49

superior cervical ganglion

Answer 49

largest | - site of synapse for many preganglionic symp fibers originating from cell column T1-T4

Question 50

middle and inferior cervical ganglion

Answer 50

postganglionic fibers participate in the formation of the cardiac plexus - also distributed with the brachial plexus

Question 51

horners syndrome

Answer 51

results rom damage to cervical/thoracic symp. chain at or above C8-T1 COMPROMISES BRACHIAL PLEXUS

Question 52

importance of recurrent laryngeal nerve

Answer 52

laryngeal cartilage keeps airway open

Question 53

enlarged juglodigastric nodes

Answer 53

tonsillitis in children | hodgkin disease/oral carcinoma in adults