Ear Flashcards
is an infection in the external ear
o The tympanic membrane will get orangey/red and will bulge
o Concern with infection to middle ear is that it will cause the tympanic membrane to rupture
Otis externa
tiny incision into TM, which will allow any purulent material to drain out so tympanic membrane will not rupture.
• close perforated TM
Miringotomy
occurs in the inner ear where cochlea is - it destroys the hair
• The vibration goes to stapes but not further - there is no hair to carry it further
• Meds such a aspirin stun the hair, often with d/c use of aspirin hair will grow back.
• But with drugs such as diuretic and aminoglycoside hair might not grow back
Ototoxicity
- 15 sec hearing test
o Have the pt hold one ear closed and whisper 1,2,3
o And then the other ear abc
o Perform the test every time a pt receives ototoxic drugs
Whisper test
- Is a hearing test
- Its compares perception of sound
- It transmitted through the mastoid bone
- It is bone conduction
- Then we bring to the front of ear
- It is air conduction.
Rinne Test
is seen through the tympanic membrane ▪ is an infecton of the middle ear • Tympanic membrane is erethemytous and bulging Earache, fever, Transient hearing loss Deep throbbing pain
Otis media
Orangey/ red
Will bulge
Concern that it will cause TM to rupture
Pain with movement of pinna and tragus
Sticky yellow discharge or purulent discharge
Swelling of canal
Itching, fever, enlarged lymph nodes
Otis externa
Surgical reconstruction of a ruptured TM
Tympanoplasty
- collection
- amplification
- transformation
- interpretation of sound wave
Process of hearing
Physical barrier
Doesn’t let sound through
When TM perforated and sound can’t be conducted
Conduction
Acoustic nerve injury
Ototoxicity
Sensorineural hearing loss
Diuretics Chemotherapeutic drugs Antimilarial drugs Asa, indomethacin, Motrin Alcohol, arsenic Amino glycosides-gentamicin, neonycin Erythromycin Metals: gold, Mercury, lead
Ototoxic drugs
Occurs in inner ear where cochlea, where it destroys hairs
Ototoxcity
Test both air and bone conduction of sound
• test for equalization
• if not heard equally pt has hearing problems
• pt should hear equal in both ears
Rhinne test
AC>BC
Normal
Rinne
AC=BC
CONDUCTIVE LOSS
Rinne
AC>BC but somewhat reduced
Sensorineural loss
Rinne
Sound laterizes to poorer Ear to background room noise which masks hearing in normal ear
• conductive loss
Weber test
Sound laterizes to better ear or unaffected ear Ear with nerve loss is unable to perceive sound
• sensorineural loss
Weber
o Measures sensitivity of hearing to various frequencies
• patient signals when sound is heard
o Certain sounds the older adults can’t hear
o Such as high pitched sound
Audiometric procedure
: involves neuroassessments
• Checks, gait
• Post pointing
• Balance
Vestibular
o Warm and cold water introduced into ear
o Used to be done on pt who were brain dead
o Will test which way the eyes go
o This sign was to determine if pt was brain dead
o Not used anymore, today we do 3 ECG’s 8hr apart and 2 physician must be there to testify that ECG where flat
Caloric test
o Typically done in pediatrician office
o Puffs air onto tympanic membrane
o Checks resilience of tympanic membrane
o Ability of ear drum to respond to changes in air pressure
o In pt who have otitis media and middle ear is filled with fluid we will not get the resilience, and tympanic membrane will not move
Pneumatoscopy
Maximize the communication skills of the person with hearing impairment • auditory training • speech reading • speech training • use of training aids, guide dogs
Aural rehab
