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ENT > ear > Flashcards

ear Flashcards

1
Q

Only part of external ear which develops from 1st branchial arch

A

Tragus of pinna

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2
Q

incision passing via incisura terminalis

A

LEM PERT END AURAL INCISION

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3
Q

failure of union of the 1st and the 2nd brachial arch leads to

A

preauricular sinus

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4
Q

Bat ear

A

Absence of anti helix

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5
Q

development of inner ear

A

1- pars superior gives rise to semicircular canal and utricle
2- pars inferior gives rise to cochlea and saccule

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6
Q

Cochlea develops from

A

Neuroectoderm

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7
Q

nerve supply of pinna

A
  • greater auricular nerve
  • lesser occipital n
  • auriculotemporal n
  • vagus n : auricular branch
  • facial n : sensory branch
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8
Q

Main nerve supply of pinna
Injured in which surgery

A

Greater auricular nerve
Parotid surgery

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9
Q

neuroectoderm derivatives in the ear

A
  • footplate of staples
  • cochlea
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10
Q

Boxer ear / cauliflower ear

A

Necrosis of cartilage—> post trauma pinna deformity

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11
Q

Rx for ear wax

A

PARA DI CHLORO BENZENE drops -> syringing or suction

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12
Q

cold water should never be used in syringing bcoz of

A

leads to vertigo

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13
Q

syringing is also done in the
_____ direction

A

posterio superior

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14
Q

EAC infection goes to the parotid gland via _____

A

fissure of SANTORINI

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15
Q

Doctor was cleaning the ear suddenly pt starts coughing or has a syncopal episode

  • which nerve is stimulated ?
A

Arnold nerve ( auricular branch of vagus)

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16
Q

m/c organism to cause diffuse otitis externa ( swimmers ear)

A

PSEUDOMONAS

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17
Q

Rx of furunculosis

A

IG packing

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18
Q

malignant otitis externa
- clinical picture?

A

1) severe ear ache
2) blood stained ear discharge
3) VII CN involved
4) +_ 9, 10 , 11 , 12 CN palsy

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19
Q

diagnostic invgt of malignant otitis externa

A

technetium ( bone ) scan

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20
Q

DOC for malignant otitis externa

A

3rd gen cephalosporin +_ aminoglycosides

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21
Q

malignant otitis externa
- assess response of Rx

A

1) gallium bone scan
2) CRP
3) ESR

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22
Q

causative organism for otomycosis

A

aspergillus niger -> candida

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23
Q

wet newspaper appearance on otoscope

A

OTO MY CO SIS

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24
Q

Glue ear
Also known as
Etiology
M/c cause
Rare cause

A

SOM or OME
ET blockage
M/c cause adenoid hypertrophy - school age children

Rare cause nasopharyngeal ca in adults unilat

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25
Q

Adult with unilat glue ear
Diagnosis

A

Nasopharyngeal ca

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26
Q

diagnosis
Mouth breathing child with hearing loss
+ heaviness of ear
examination: air bubbles trapped in glue

A

Adenoid hypertrophy with glue ear

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27
Q

Rx for glue ear

A

myringoplasty + grommets incision + / - adenoidectomy

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28
Q

Otoscope m/c cause of air bubble behind TM

A

Glue ear

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29
Q

Scutum

A

Outer attic bony wall of epitympanium

30
Q

Sensory supply of middle ear

A

Tympanic branch of glossopharyngeal nerve
(JACOBSON’s nerve)

31
Q

m/c site for residual cholesteatoma after mastoid surgery

A

sinus tympani

32
Q

________ is also known as seecondary TM

A

round window

33
Q

ASOM
- m/c organism

A

strept. pneumoniae

34
Q

on examination cartwheel sign is seen in?
explain cartwheel sign?

A

ASOM
cartwheel sign : red TM with dilated capillaries

35
Q

type of discharge in csom

A

mucopurulent, non foul smelling, non blood stained

36
Q

csom type of hearing loss

A

conductive

37
Q

1st ossicle (part to be eroded in csom + reason

A

incus (lenticular process)
- no muscle attachment
- least blood supply

38
Q

austin classification of ossicular erosion
A-
B-
C-
D-

A

A: M+ I- S+
B: M+ I- S-
C: M- I- S+
D: M- I- S-

39
Q

classification of tympanoplasty

A

I- myringoplasty
II- graft placed on incus
III- my ringo stap e dio pexy
or columnar tympanoplasty
IV- RW shielding effect
V- fenestration

40
Q

first sign of mastoiditis

A

ironing of the mastoid surface

41
Q

signs of mastoiditis

A

1- ironing
2- mastoid tenderness +
3- skin sagging in post.sup area of EAC
4- reservoir sign
5- light house sign

42
Q

light house sign seen in

A
  • mastoiditis
  • asom with small perforation
43
Q

mastoiditis
xray view ?
what is seen ?

A

sculler view
seen -
- clouding of air cells
- coal e scence of air cells

44
Q

Rx for mastoiditis

A

antibiotics for 48 hrs
—-> no recovery surgery- cortical mastoidectomy “SCH WARTZ operation”

45
Q

SCHWARTZ operation
first cell to be located?
anatomical landmark

A

antrum
landmark: McEwen’s triangle

46
Q

in which condition will there be a difficulty in identifing mcewan’s triangle

A

korner septum
- persistance of petrosquamous suture

47
Q

symptoms of gar din e go syndrome

A

ear discharge
retro orbital pain
diplopia

48
Q

hallmark of attico antral csom

A

presence of cholesteatoma

49
Q

m/c site of cholesteatoma

A

PRU SS AK’s space

50
Q

Rx for cholesteatoma

A

MRM (tympanomastoid exploration)

51
Q

combined approach tympanoplasty is a canal wall up or down surgery?

A

canal wall up

52
Q

_____ sign is seen in labyrinth fistula

A

positive fistula

53
Q

false positive fistula sign is seen

A

meneire disease
congential syphilis

54
Q

false negative fistula sign is seen in

A

fistula with dead labyrinth
fistula covered by cholesteatoma
wrong technique

55
Q

sigmoid sinus thrombosis signs and symptoms

A

headache
pallor
picket fence fever
GRI ES SINGER sign

56
Q

GRI ES SINGER sign
- seen in
- explain

A

sigmoid / lateral sinus thrombosis
- pitting edema in the mastoid

57
Q

2 tests used to check IVP in lateral sinus thrombosis

A

tobey ayer test- on LP
crowe beck test- fundus examination

58
Q

endolymph
a) produced by
b) absorbed by
c) - not done properly can lead to

A

a) stria vascularis
b) endolymphatic sac
c) meniere’s disease

59
Q

post meningitis deafness is lead by _________ pathway

A

aqueduct of cochlea

60
Q

MONDINI dysplasia of the cochlea
Rx?

A

1 1/2 turn ( n: 2 3/4)
cochlear implant

61
Q

MICHEL’s aplasia of cochlea
Rx?

A

auditory brainstem implant

62
Q

BPPV
a) diagnostic test
b) Rx
c) other maneuvre

A

a) DIX HALL PICK MANEUVER
b) EPLEY maneuver
c) SEMONT maneuvre

63
Q

SCC m/c involved with BPPV

A

posterior SCC

64
Q

persistence of BPPV even after EPLEY MANEUVRE

A

BRAND T - DAROFF EXERCISES

65
Q

_____ is area of fusion of superior and posterior SCC

A

CRUS COMMUNE

66
Q

bithermal caloric test is a test for

A

lateral SCC
measures the vestibulo ocular reflex

67
Q

______ is an electrical reading of nystagmus

A

electro nystagmo graphy (EMG)

68
Q

saccule nerve supply

A

inferior vestibular division of the VIII cn

69
Q

VEMP is used to detect the fn of :

A

saccule
inferior vestibular division of the VIII cn

70
Q

VEMP is used in

A

acoustic neuroma
meniere’s disease
superior SCC dehiscence

71
Q

clinical picture of superior SCC dehiscence

A

CHL
3rd window phenomenon
tullio’s phenomenon
vertigo on blowing nose

ENT (2 decks)

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