EAQ- Design Flashcards
A clinical research organization wants to conduct a large-scale study on the effect of clients’ postoperative activity on postoperative ileus. Before conducting the full-scale study, the health care team performed a pilot study to predict an appropriate sample size and to improve the study design. To which type of research does this pilot study belong?
Historical research
Evaluation research
Descriptive research
Exploratory research
Exploratory research
In exploratory research, the initial study is designed to develop or refine the dimensions of phenomena or to develop or refine a hypothesis about the relationships among phenomena. The pilot study conducted to improve or refine the study design before performing the full-scale study comes under exploratory research. In historical research, studies are designed to establish facts and relationships concerning past events. In evaluation research, the study tests how well a program, practice, or policy is working. In descriptive research, the study measures characteristics of persons, situations, or groups, and the frequency with which certain events or characteristics occur.
Which research design explores the interrelationship among variables of interest without any active intervention by a researcher?
Historical research
Evaluation research
Exploratory research
Correlation research
Correlation research
Correlation research involves the exploration of the interrelationship among variables of interest without any active intervention by a researcher. Historical studies are designed to establish facts and relationships concerning past events. Evaluation research tests how well a program, practice, or policy is working. Exploratory research is an initial study designed to develop or refine the dimensions of phenomena.
Which research design would the nurse associate with a study in which the investigator controls the study variable and randomly assigns subjects to different conditions to test the variable?
Historical research
Evaluation research
Exploratory research
Experimental research
Experimental research
In experimental research, the investigator controls the study variable and randomly assigns subjects to different conditions to test the variable. In historical research, studies are designed to establish facts and relationships concerning past events. In evaluation research, studies test how well a program, practice, or policy is working. Exploratory research is an initial study designed to develop or refine the dimensions of phenomena or to develop or refine a hypothesis about the relationships among phenomena.
One section of an evidence-based article includes the researcher’s explanation of how the research study was organized to answer the research question. Which section would the research article include next?
A brief summary of the article
Details on the results of the study
Information about the purpose of the article
An explanation of the implications of the study findings
Details on the results of the study
An explanation on how the research study was organized and conducted to answer the research question is given in the methods or design section of the evidence-based article. The next section after methods and design is results or conclusions, in which details regarding the results of the study are provided. A brief summary of the article is provided in the abstract, which is the first element of the evidence-based article. Information about the purpose of the article is provided in the introduction, which comes after the abstract section. An explanation of whether the findings from the study have implications is given in the clinical implications section, which is the last element of the evidence-based practice article. This section is included after the results or conclusions.
Which purpose would the nurse ascribe to evaluation research?
Test how well a program, practice, or policy is working
Establish facts and relationships concerning past events
Develop or refine a hypothesis about the relationships among phenomena
Explore the interrelationships among variables of interest without any active intervention
Test how well a program, practice, or policy is working
Which statement correctly defines descriptive research?
The research utilizes this design to test how well a program, practice, or policy is working.
This research design measures characteristics of persons, situations, or groups.
The research is designed to establish facts and relationships concerning past events.
This approach explores the interrelationships among variables of interest without any active intervention.
This research design measures characteristics of persons, situations, or groups.
Which theme is part of the design of “Transforming Care at the Bedside”?
Validity
Reliability
Cost-effectiveness
Evidence-based practice
Reliability
In the Transforming Care at the Bedside model, reliability is a theme that ensures the care provided for moderately sick clients who are hospitalized is safe, reliable, effective, and equitable. Validity, cost-effectiveness, and evidence-based practice are not themes within the design of Transforming Care at the Bedside.
Which nursing action illustrates the Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) competency called informatics?
Ensure that the risk of harm to clients and health care workers is decreased by improving professional performance.
Use information and technology to communicate, manage knowledge, mitigate error, and support decision-making.
Integrate best current evidence with clinical expertise and client preferences and values to deliver quality health care.
Use data to monitor the outcomes of health care processes and implement improvement methods to design and test changes to improve quality of health care.
Use information and technology to communicate, manage knowledge, mitigate error, and support decision-making.
Which action by the nurse would illustrate the quality improvement competency, according to Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN)?
Using information and technology to communicate, manage knowledge, mitigate errors, and support decision-making
Integrating best current evidence with clinical expertise along with client and family preferences and values for the delivery of quality health care
Functioning effectively within nursing and interprofessional teams by fostering open communication, mutual respect, and shared decision-making to achieve quality client care
Using data to monitor the outcomes of care processes and use improvement methods to design and test changes to continuously improve the quality and safety of health care systems
Using data to monitor the outcomes of care processes and use improvement methods to design and test changes to continuously improve the quality and safety of health care systems
A registered nurse is explaining the Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) competencies to a nursing student. Which information would the nurse provide about the competency teamwork and collaboration?
“Use information and technology to communicate, manage knowledge, mitigate errors, and support decision-making.”
“Understand that the client is the source of control and full partner when providing compassionate and coordinated care.”
“Implement improvement methods to design and test changes to improve the quality and safety of the health care system.”
“Work effectively within nursing and interprofessional teams by promoting open communication and shared decision-making to provide client care.”
“Work effectively within nursing and interprofessional teams by promoting open communication and shared decision-making to provide client care.”
According to Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN), which phrase defines patient-centered care?
Understanding that the client is the source of control when providing care
Functioning effectively within nursing and interprofessional teams to deliver quality care
Using data to evaluate outcomes of care processes and designing methods to improve health care
Minimizing the risk for harm to clients and health care workers through improved professional performance
Understanding that the client is the source of control when providing care
Which action would the nurse consider an example of quality improvement by a team of nurses?
Designs a strategy for improving the technique of administering injections
Identifies the possible reasons for the delays of client admission into special units
Implements a new system for following aseptic techniques during wound debridement
Nurses evaluate the effectiveness of initiating weekly professional training programs
Identifies the possible reasons for the delays of client admission into special units
Which statement would the nurse not associate with Orem’s theory?
The theory developed by Orem determines self-care needs.
The Orem theory explains the types of nursing care.
Orem’s theory aids in the design of nursing interventions.
The theory describes factors supporting the health of the family.
The theory describes factors supporting the health of the family.
Which action indicates the nurse is designing a research study?
The nurse gathers all relevant articles and focuses on reviewing the literature.
The nurse obtains approval from the proper authorities and enlists the research subjects.
The nurse verifies all investigators are following the appropriate study protocol.
The nurse prepares questionnaires and selects the treatment plans necessary for the study.
The nurse prepares questionnaires and selects the treatment plans necessary for the study.
Which study is an example of exploratory research?
A study that tests how well a program, practice, or policy is working
A study designed to develop a hypothesis about the relationships among phenomena
A study that explores the interrelationships among variables of interest without any active intervention by the researcher
A study that measures characteristics of persons, situations, or groups and the frequency with which certain events or characteristics occur
A study designed to develop a hypothesis about the relationships among phenomena
The hospital management team conducted a randomized controlled trial to decrease the occurrence of ventilator-associated pneumonia. The trial was successful with positive outcomes. The nurse manager, in collaboration with other hospital management staff, conducted the same trial in another hospital, but the results were different. Which research strategy implementation would the nurse manager consider beneficial in preventing dramatic differences in trial results?
Evidence-based practice (EBP)
Practice-based evidence (PBE)
Client-centered outcomes research
Comparative effectiveness research (CER)
Practice-based evidence (PBE)
PBE is a research methodology that helps inform practice and uses an observational cohort study design to compare clinically relevant interventions, includes diverse study participants, uses heterogeneous practice settings, collects data on a broad range of health outcomes, and includes frontline clinicians in study development. EBP is the integration of the best research evidence with clinical expertise and the client’s unique values and circumstances in making decisions about the care of individual clients. Client-centered outcomes researchers conduct research to provide information about the best available evidence to help clients and their providers make decisions that are more informed. CER is the generation and synthesis of evidence that compares the benefits and harms of alternative methods.
Which organization advocates nurses taking a prominent role in the health care arena?
National Academy of Medicine
National Quality Forum
Institute for Healthcare Improvement
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
National Academy of Medicine
Which action of the nurse relates to the Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) competency of quality improvement?
The nurse uses data to monitor the outcomes of care.
The nurse provides compassionate and coordinated care.
The nurse works to minimize the risk of harm to the client.
The nurse combines clinical expertise with client preferences.
The nurse uses data to monitor the outcomes of care.
Which statement accurately describes correlational research?
The reseach design tests how well a program, practice, or policy is working.
The design explores relationships among variables of interest without any active intervention by the researcher.
The investigator controls the study variable and randomly assigns subjects to different conditions for variable testing.
Measures the characteristics of people, situations, or groups and frequency with which certain events or characteristics occur.
The design explores relationships among variables of interest without any active intervention by the researcher.
Which strategy was designed to improve client outcomes, communication, and collaboration among all health care providers?
Primary nursing
Client-focused care
Interprofessional education
Community-based transitional program
Interprofessional education
Interprofessional education and collaboration are important and have a positive effect on the outcomes of client care, communication, and collaboration, which is increasingly important as the complexity of health care increases. The care models of primary nursing, client-focused care, and community-based transitional programs do not have the same effect as interprofessional education and collaboration on outcomes, communication, and collaboration.
The nurse working at a Magnet®-designated organization would expect which Magnet®-specific benefit?
Salaries that are planned according to education level
Physicians that provide input for annual performance appraisals
Assignments that are made according to years of experience
Opportunities to attend clinical care conferences to discuss client care needs
Opportunities to attend clinical care conferences to discuss client care needs
Which research design would the nurse researcher utilize when examining subjects’ responses to chlorhexidine and povidone-iodine as antiseptics?
Evaluation research
Descriptive research
Correlational research
Experimental research
Experimental research
Which research design does the nurse utilize when asking participants, who are breast cancer survivors, to briefly share information about their lives after surviving cancer and then compiled the views to determine the cancer survivors’ quality of life?
Historical research
Descriptive research
Qualitative research
Correlational research
Qualitative research
Qualitative research is focused on gathering in-depth information about participants’ experiences, thoughts, and feelings. In this case, by asking breast cancer survivors to share information about their lives after surviving cancer, the nurse is exploring their personal experiences and compiling these views to assess their quality of life, which is characteristic of qualitative methods.
The purpose of a pilot research study is to identify the effectiveness of using an experimental therapeutic communication technique when communicating with aggressive clients. This study utilized which research design?
Evaluation research
Exploratory research
Descriptive research
Correlational research
Exploratory research
Exploratory research studies are initial studies conducted to develop or refine dimensions of phenomena or to develop a hypothesis about the relationships among phenomena. The given example is an exploratory research study. Evaluation research focuses on determining the effectiveness of a program, practice, or policy. Descriptive research focuses on measuring the characteristics of people, situations, or groups and the frequency with which certain events or characteristics occur. Correlational research aims to explore variables of interest without any active intervention by the researcher.
