Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

GI Microbiology > E. coli, shigella, salmonella, opportunistic enterobacteriacae > Flashcards

E. coli, shigella, salmonella, opportunistic enterobacteriacae Flashcards

1
Q

Overall characterisitics?

A 
Gram - rods
Facultative anaerobes
Oxidase negative
Reduce nitrates to nitritie (Dipstick UTI)
Motile except EIEC, shigella, klebsiella
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

K antigens found where?

A

Capsule polysaccharide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

H antigens found where?

A

Flagella

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

O antigens found where?

A

LPS O side of gram negative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

UTI?

A

E coli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Fecal samples cultured on what? Why?

A

MacConkey
blue: inhibits gram +
Lactose: red or pink=ferment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Lactose fermenters?

A

Pink on macConkey

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Non-fermenters of lactose?

A

same color as macConkey

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Slant agar color breakdown?

A

Yellow: ferment lactose makes acid (yellow)
Black: iron metabolism by hydrogen sulfide
Gaps: hydrogen gas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Treatment of enterobacteriacaeao?

A

rehydration

No need for antibiotics, unless bloody diarhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Dysentary is what?

A

Bloody diarhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What percent of diarrhea is caused by viruses?

A

90%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

> 10-14 days is likely what?

A

Parasites: giardia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Chronic diarhea infection, think what?

A

HIV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

E coli outside colon?

A

UTI
Sepriciemia and meningitis in neonates
HUGE killer in 3rd world

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

E coli virotypes?

A 
EPEC: generic diarhea
EHEC: hemoragic diarhea
ETEC: toxic
EIEC: invasive
Aggregate ecoli:
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

EPEC virulence?

A

Type II secretion: injects its own receptor protein, changes locks to let itself into living on cell

Encodes a pedestal
Watery diarhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

EHEC virulence?

A

like EPEC +
O157:H7
Shiga toxin: bloody diarhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

EHEC mode of transmission?

A

Undercooked beef
Fruits, juices, vegetables
Human to human

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

EHEC presentation?

A

Little fever
Acute cramps
Watery diarhea>bloody within 24 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

EHEC diarhea lasts how long?

A

8 days

hospitalization often necessary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Shiga toxin MOA?

A 
INFLAMMATION
AB toxin
Cleave 28S RNA of ribosome
Kills cell by destroying protein production
Lysogenic phage encoded
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is LEE?

A 
DIARRHEA 
Locus of enterocyte effacement
  PAI: type III secretion system
  delivers receptor to host cell
   pedestal formation 
    diarhea
24
Q

Shiga toxin can do what in children?

A

Hemolytic uremic syndrome via killing cells

25
What is color of EHEC O157:H7 on sorbitol MacConkey?
White (other STEC and e coli are red/pink)
26
Tx for EHEC?
NOT ANTIBIOTICS!!! stress bacteria can increase Shiga toxin production, leading to HUS FLUID REPLACEMENT, blood transfusion
27
O157:H7 cannot use what?
Sorbitol : diagnosis
28
ETEC virulence factors?
Traveler's diarhea CFA 1 or 2: attachment LT: heat labile toxin: choLera toxin mode ST: heat stable toxin: not AB: hormone like
29
EIEC is like what?
Shigella Lactose - non-motile dysentery
30
EIEC is unique in what way?
Intracellular: makes tails and pushes into next cell
31
EPEC is what?
Generic... no toxins... ust watery diarhea
32
K1 antigen e coli causes what?
Neonatal meningitis
33
UPEC is what?
UTI e coli (90%)
34
UPEC virulence factor?
P fimbriae: PAP villi | K capsule
35
Which e coli is most common in the US? Why?
EHEC: O157:H7 We eat more BEEF
36
Salmonella culture means what?
Infection: not normal flora
37
What does salmonella typhi cause?
Not GI: typhoid fever
38
Salmonella culture?
``` Gram - Lac - Glu + gas+ : cracks H2S ```
39
How do we tell difference between E coli and salmonella on MacConkey?
White colonies, not Pink
40
Two main salamonellosis bugs?
s. enteriditis s. typhimurium from: meat, dairy, eggs, pet turtles, reptiles, humans
41
Salmonella virulence factors?
``` PAI type III secretion system injects: M cell target Membrane "ruffles" endocytose bacteria Bacteria cross basal membrane Enter lamina propria Kills macrophages Inflammation ```
42
What does salmonella invade?
M cells | Lamina propria
43
What is the timeline differences for toxins, viruses, bacteria?
Toxins: 3-4 hours Virus: quick Bacteria: 20+ hours to establish
44
Salmonella can disseminate to where? in who?
HIV, sickle cell kids: elderly and young Osteomyelitis (sickle) Bacteremia (HIV, cancer patients) Endocarditis Renal problems
45
s. Typhus enters blood how?
``` M cells Survive in macrophages Spread to mesenteric lymph nodes Ruptured spleen Vi capsule inhibits neutrophil uptake Sepsis ``` Perforations of GI tract at necrotic Peyer's patches can lead to severe hemorrhage
46
Presentation: Insidius rising fever with headache, abdominal pain, slow pulse, mental confusion, ruptured spleen or intestine
Typhoid fever
47
Tx for typhoid fever?
Ceftriaxone | Oral vaccine for travelers to endemic areas
48
Three types of shigella and where?
s dysenteriae: central and south america: high Stx high fatality rate HUS s sonnei: US, children, 70% of cases in US less bloody, more watery s flexneri: most common worldwide, 2nd in US Gay men STD
49
Shigella is most common in who?
Children, institutions, gay men
50
Shigella culture?
``` Gram -, non motile rod Lac- Glu + no gas no H2S leukocytes prominent in stool ```
51
Presentation: acute bloody diarrhea in kid/gay man
Shigella
52
S. sonnei is notable for what?
Less bloody, more watery
53
Yersinia mimics what?
Appendicitis
54
Klebsiella buzzwords?
Alcoholics | Currant jelly sputum
55
Proteus and Morganella buzzwords?
UTI

GI Microbiology (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions