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1
Q

what is controlling

A

is setting an organization’s goals and deciding how best to achieve them

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2
Q

what is organizing?

A

how activities and resources are to be grouped

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3
Q

what is leading?

A

is motivating members of the organization to work in the bet interests of the organization

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4
Q

efficient means?

A

using resources wisely and in a costeffective

way

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5
Q

effective means?

A

aking the right decisions and

successfully implementing them

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6
Q

manager is someone whose

A

primary responsibility is to

carry out the management process.

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7
Q

what is an organization

A

a group of people working together
in a structured and coordinated
fashion to achieve a set of goals

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8
Q

what is management

A

is a set of activities – planning and decision
making, organizing, leading, and controlling – directed at
an organization’s human, financial, physical, and
information resources with the aim of achieving
organizational goals in an efficient and effective manner.

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9
Q

four examples of resources used by an organization are

A

human resources, financial resources, physical resources information resources

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10
Q

what are four functions or basic activities of management?

A

Planning and decision making settings the organizations goals and decing howto best ahieve them
Organizing determining how best to group activities ad resources
Controlling monitoring and correcting ongoing activites to facilitate attainment
Leading motivating memebrs of the organization to work in the bet interests of the organization

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11
Q

what are the three level of managers?

A

Top managers
Middle Managers
First Line Managers employees

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12
Q

what are top managers?

A

small group create goals

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13
Q

whata are middle managers?

A

implement policies and plans of top managers, supervise and coordinate the activies of lower level managers

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14
Q

what are first line managers?

A

supervise and coordinate the activities of operating

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15
Q

what are the six areas of management?

A 
Marketing
Financial operations 
Human resources 
Administrative are generalists and familiar with all areas of
management
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16
Q

what is marketing management?

A

sell the product and work in new-product

development, promotion, and distribution

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17
Q

what is finacial management?

A

undertake accounting, cash management,

and investments.

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18
Q

what is human resources management?

A

hire and develop employees.

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19
Q

what are three managerial roles?

A

Interpersonal Roles Figurehead Leader Liaison Involves dealing with other people.
Informational Roles Monitor Disseminator, spokesperson Involves the processing of
information.
Decisional Roles Entrepreneur Disturbance handler Resource allocator Negotiator Relates
primarily to making decisions.

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20
Q

what are seven managerial skills?

A

Technical needed to accomplish specific work
Interpersonal ability to communicate
understand motivate
Conceptual ability to think in the abstract
Diagnostic ability to visualize most
appropriate response
Communiation effectively convey ideas to
others and effectively receive information
from others
Decision making skills ability to recognize
define problems opprtunities and resolve or
capitalize on them
Time management skills ability to prioritze
work efficiently delegate appropriately

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21
Q

what is a theory?

A

A conceptual framework for
organizing knowledge and
providing a blueprint for action.

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22
Q

describe the classical management perspective?

A

consists of two branches scientific and administrative management
focuses on ways to improve the production of workers

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23
Q

decribe the scientific branch

A

Focuses on ways to
improve the
production of
individual workers.

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24
Q

decribe the administrative branch of classical management perspective

A

Focuses on managing

the total organization.

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25
frederick taylor developed what
the four step methid to overcome working below potential
26
what are some of the four step method contributions?
laid the foundation to management theory identified key processes functions and skills made management a valid subject to study
27
what is behavior management perspective?
empahizes individual attitudes and behaviors and group processes
28
humans relation grew from what studies
from hawthorne studies argued that workers respond primarily to the social context of the workplace
29
the three basic needs in maslows theory are?
basic physchological self fullfilment
30
explain douglass mcgregor's theory x?
pesimistic view of workers view of scientific managements
31
explain douglas mc gregor theory y?
a positive view of workers represents assumptions that humans relations advocates make
32
contributions of behavioral managemnt are?
gave insights into interpersonal processes focused on these processes viewed employees as resources
33
what does quantative management perspective focus on?
descision making economic effectiveness mathematical models, and the use of computers
34
what are the two branches of the quantative approach?
management science development mathematical models | operations management help organization produce efficiently
35
contributions of quantative management perspective today are?
techniques to assist decision making increased awareness of complex processes
36
describe the system perspective
By viewing organizations as systems, managers can better understand the importance of their environment and the level of interdependence subsystems within the organization. Managers must also understand how their decisions affect and are affected by the other subsystems within the organization
37
what is a system?
an interrelated set of elements | functioning as a whole
38
what is an open system?
interacts with its | environment
39
what is a closed system?
does not interact with its | environment
40
what is a subsystem?
is a system within another system
41
what is synergy?
two or more subsystems working together more than the total of what they might produce w orking alone
42
what is entropy?
is a normal process leading to system decline
43
what is the universal perspective?
tries to identify | the “one best way” to do something.
44
what is the contingency perspective?
suggests appropriate managerial behaviors in a given situation believes each organization is unique
45
what are contemporary management challenges today?
``` unpredictablle economy globalization presents may challenges ethics and social responsibility quality is the basis for competition the shift toward service economy the role and impact of social media ```
46
what are two organization environments?
external environment and internal environment external is everything outside organization that might affect it internal environemnt is conditions and forces within an organization
47
what are two external environments?
the general environement and the task environment
48
who are the members in the general environment?
general environment is the set broad of dimension and forces in an organization surroundings that create its overall context
49
who are the members in the task environment?
specific groups or organization that influence an organization
50
what is multiculturalism?
issues associated with differences in values, beliefs, behaviors, customs, and attitudes held by people in different cultures.
51
who is part of the internal environment?
owners who claim property rights to an organization board of directors governing body to ensure its run in best way for stockholders interests
52
what is organizational culture?
set of values beliefs behaviors customs attitudes that help members in organization understand wahat it stands for how and what it considers important
53
what is the importance of organizational culture?
shape firms effectiveness and long term success increase productivity
54
what are the determinants of the organizational culture?
starts withthe founder develops over a long period of time | detemined by corporate success and shared experiences
55
what is multiculturalism?
issues associated with differences in values, beliefs, behaviors, customs, and attitudes held by people in different cultures.
56
what is diversity?
members differ from one another along on e or more important dimensions
57
what are some resons for increasing diversity andmulticulturalism?
increased awareness that diversity improves the quality of the workforce and the globalization movement
58
what does a glass ceiling mean?
perceived barrier keeping women from advancing to top management
59
what are three basic perspectives on how environments affect an organization?
environmental change and complexity competitive forces environmental turbulence
60
what are the five competitive forces?
``` threat of new entrants competitive rivalry threat of subsitute products power of buyers power of suppliers ```
61
what is environmental turbulence?
changes in the environment expected or not expected to happen
62
what are the six basic mechanism through which organizations adapt to their environments?
``` social responsibility information management mergers acquisition and alliance direct influence strategic response ```
63
what is social responsability?
boundary spanner someone who spends much of their time with others outside the organization to learn what other organizations are doing
64
what is information management?
electronic systems which gather organizations and summarize information
65
What 4 important purposes do Goals serve?
``` provide guidance and unified direction affects others aspects of planning effective goal setting promotes good planning good planning facilitates future goal setting specific and moderately difficult goals can motivate employees goals provide an effective mechanism for evaluation and control ```
66
goals vary by three things in organzations?
level area timeframe
67
Organizations establish many different kinds of goals. These goals vary by what 3 things?
strategic tatical operational mission statemt
68
What are the time frames of planning discussed?
long term intermediate and short term
69
what is an action plan?
it operationalizes any other plan
70
what is a reaction plan?
reacts to unfroseen events
71
what is contingency planning?
The determination of alternative courses of action to be taken if an intended plan is unexpectedly disrupted or rendered inappropriate.
72
what is crisis management?
The set of procedures the organization uses in the event | of a disaster or other unexpected calamity.
73
what is a tactical plan?
A plan aimed at achieving tactical goals, developed to implement specific parts of a strategic plan.
74
two types of operational plans discussed are?
single use plans | and standing plans
75
major barriers to goal setting and planning are?
innapropriate goals improper reward system resistance to change
76
management by objectives is?
A formal goal-setting process involving collaboration | between managers and subordinates.
77
the six steps in the formal goal setting process are?
starting the formal goal settings porgram establishment of the organizational goals and plans collaborative goalsetting and planning communicative periodic view evaluation
78
strengths of formal goal setting are?
improved motivation enhanced communication focuses on appropriate goals
79
weaknesses of formal goal setting are?
poor implementation lack of top management support assinged goals lead to lack of communtment resentment

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