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Clin Apps > Dysrhytmias > Flashcards

Dysrhytmias Flashcards

1
Q

What leads are associated with the right coronary artery?

A

Lead 2 and 3 and aVf

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2
Q

Why do you use synchorinization when cardioverting?

A

you want the electrical impluse to hit on the R-wave, because if it hits randomly on the rhythm it can cause the rhythm to reset and go into a more serious dysrhythmia

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3
Q

What is sinus tachycardia?

A

a response to a stimulation of the SNS

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4
Q

What is sinus bradycardia?

A

an irregularly slow rhythm, that may be normal in athletes

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5
Q

What is sinus arrhythmia?

A

a change in heart rate with respirations

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6
Q

What is premature atrial contractions?

A

a single ectopic beat from the atrial tissue that may follow or be in a T-wave

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7
Q

What is atrial tachycardia?

A

ectopic focus generates impulses faster than the AV node can conduct them
many P-waves but not all have QRS

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8
Q

What is wandering atrial pacemaker?

A

3 or more different ectopic foci followed by QRS complexes

different P-waves, narrow QRS

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9
Q

What is multifocal atrial tachycardia?

A

wandering atrial pacemaker with a rate greater than 100 bpm

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10
Q

What is atrial flutter?

A

sawtooth like P-waves

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11
Q

What is atrial fibrillation?

A

an uncountable rate or irregular rhythm caused by a quivering atrium

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12
Q

What is a junctional escape rhythm?

A

when the SA node fails to fire

AV node picks up the rhythm

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13
Q

What is junctional tachycardia?

A

when the AV node is signaling the heartbeat, but at an elevated rate for the AV node to normally fire at (greater than 60 bpm)

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14
Q

What are PJC’s?

A

an ectopic focus in the ventricle

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15
Q

What is PSVT?

A

an abrupt onset of SVT from PAC/PJC

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16
Q

What is premature ventricular contraction?

A

a common ventricular dysrhythmia caused by one or more ectopic foci

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17
Q

What is ventricular tachycardia?

A

a life threatening rhythm marked by at least 3 PVC’s in a row

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18
Q

What are Torsades de Pointe?

A

a type of ventricular tachycardia with a prolonged QT interval

19
Q

What is ventricular fibrillation?

A

a chaotic rhythm caused by quivering ventricles

20
Q

What is idioventricular rhythm?

A

when the SA and AV node fails so the heartbeat is generated by the Purkinje fibers

21
Q

What is a 1st degree heart block?

A

a consistent delayed conduction through the AV node as seen by a prolonged PR interval

22
Q

What is a 2nd degree heart block?

A

Type 1: progressive lengthening of the PR interval until a beat drops and resets
Type 2: regular P-waves with the occasionally missed QRS and frequent dropped beats

23
Q

What is a 3rd degree heart block?

A

when the atrial rate and ventricular rate aren’t even connected because there is no conduction between the SA and AV node
atrial rate is greater than the ventricular rate

24
Q

What is transcutaneous pacing?

A

Pacing done externally

25
Q

What is transvenous pacing?

A

pacing done through a catheter that is inserted percutaneously into the RV and connected to an external pulse generator

26
Q

What is epicardial pacing?

A

wires that are inserted into the epicardial wall via surgery, the wires are brought the chest wall and can attach to an external pulse generator when needed

27
Q

How is a permanent pacemaker attached to the heart chambers?

A

via the subclavian or cephalic veins

28
Q

What does a permanent pacemaker pace?

A

the atrium, ventricle, or both

29
Q

What is the mode of a pacemaker?

A

Demand: only when needed
Fixed: set at a fixed rate

30
Q

What is the electrical output of the pacemaker?

A

the amount of energy that the pacemaker puts out to cause a depolarization

31
Q

What is the sensitivity of the pacemaker?

A

the ability of the pacemaker to recognize intrinsic activity of the heart

32
Q

What is the AV internal indicator?

A

it determines the interval between the atrial and ventricular stimulation
only in dual-chamber pacemakers

33
Q

What is failure to pace?

A

the pacemakers inability to initiate a stimulus

34
Q

What is failure to capture?

A

the pacemakers inability to depolarize

electrical energy fires, but doesn’t get picked up

35
Q

What is failure to sense?

A

the pacemakers inability to sense the patients own rhythm

36
Q

Where does an inferior MI occur?

A

the right coronary artery

37
Q

What leads would you see an inferior MI in?

A

Lead 2, 3, aVf

38
Q

Where does an anterior MI occur?

A

left anterior descending artery

39
Q

What leads would you see an anterior MI in?

A

Leads V1-V6 (the precordial leads)

Best seen in V3 and V4

40
Q

Where does a lateral MI occur?

A

the circumflex and diagonal branch of the left anterior descending

41
Q

What leads would you see a lateral MI in?

A

Lead 1, aVl, V5 and V6

42
Q

Where does a posterior MI occur?

A

mid and posterior branches of the circumflex

43
Q

What leads would you see a posterior MI in?

A

V1 and V2

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