Dyspnea Flashcards
1
Q
Define Dyspnea
A
Breathing discomfort of varying intensity
2
Q
Define Chronic dyspnea
A
- Dyspnea ongoing for >1 month
- Acute is more life threatening
3
Q
Shortness of Breath
A
- SOB
- Description of dyspnea
- Different than dyspnea on exertion (DOE)
4
Q
Define orthopnea
A
- Dyspnea while lying supine
- Occurs in CHF due to pulmonary edema
5
Q
Define paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (PND)
A
- Waking up suddenly at night due to SOB
- Specific finding in CHF
- Also occurs in obstructive sleep apnea, GERD, Asthma, & PTSD
6
Q
Define Platypnea
A
-Dyspnea worsening in the upright position
7
Q
Define orthodeoxia
A
- Drop in arterial pO2 in upright position
- Occurs in arteriovenous malformations (liver disease)
8
Q
BNP
A
- Brain natriuretic peptide
- Neurohormone from myocytes of ventricles
- Produced in response to fluid overload
- Suggestive of CHF
- If <100pg/mL makes CHF VERY unlikely
9
Q
Define Vocal cord dysfunction
A
- Vocal cords contract on inspiration (opposite of normal)
- Occurs with stress or irritation
- Causes SOB and wheezing
- Often confused with asthma
- Diagnosed with flow volume loop and laryngeal scope
- Treat with speech therapy
10
Q
Causes of Tachypnea
A
- CHF
- Pulmonary vascular disease
11
Q
Symptoms of Asthma
A
- Incomplete exhalation
- Heavy breathing
- Tight chest
12
Q
Causes of shallow breathing
A
- asthma
- neuromuscular disease
- chest wall disease
13
Q
What diseases cause increased work or effort in breathing
A
- COPD
- Interstitial lung disease
- Asthma
- neuromuscular disease
14
Q
Causes of feeling like suffocating
A
- COPD
- CHF
15
Q
Causes of Air Hunger
A
- COPD
- CHF
- Pregnancy