Dysphagia Flashcards
1
Q
What sign on a CT Ba swallow would indicate achalasia?
A
Bird’s beak sign
2
Q
Ortner’s syndrome
A
Aortic aneurysm/PHTN causing:
- Dysphagia aortica/lusoria (Ao/SCvA)
- also presents with hoarseness due to RLN palsy
3
Q
What level does the oesophagus perforate the diaphragm?
A
T12
4
Q
Name 4 neurological causes of dysphagia
A
- CVD
- PD
- MND
- bulbar palsy
5
Q
Name 3 motility causes of dysphagia
A
- achalasia
- diffuse oesophageal spasm
- systemic sclerosis
6
Q
Name 6 mechanical causes of dysphagia
A
- benign strictures
- malignancy
- pharyngeal pouch
- extrinsic pressure (LC)
- mediastinal LNs
- retrosternal goitre
7
Q
What pathologies present with odynophagia?
A
- candida infection
- malignancy
- ulcer
- spasm
8
Q
How does a pharyngeal pouch typically present?
A
- bulging neck on swallowing
- gurgling
- halitosis
9
Q
What is Plummer-Vinson syndrome?
A
- upper oesophageal web
- post cricoid dysphagia
- IDA
- associated with SCCO
